Taxon name
Anvillea garcinii
(Burm.f.) DC.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Anvillea garcinii
(Burm.f.) DC.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Species authority
(Burm.f.) DC.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Qualifying criteria (if given)
B1ab(iii); D
Criteria system used
IUCN
(see Assessment details)
Assessment rationale/justification
In the UAE, this species is known from Jebel Hafeet and an adjacent wadi and plain. The species has also been recorded from a dam outflow in Wadi Shuaib; this locality is excluded here because the origin of the species at that site requires confirmation. The EOO is estimated to be 213 km<sup>2</sup> and there are considered to be three locations. The species is assessed as Endangered (EN B1ab(iii); D) based on the restricted number (<500) of mature individuals and its restricted EOO, occurrence in three locations, and an inferred continuing decline in habitat quality as a result of drought, development, and other threats. Confirmation of the distribution and population status of this species is needed. No adjacent populations are yet known in Oman, and no regional adjustment is applied.
Assessment details
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, this species is known from Jebel Hafeet (Jongbloed et al. 2003), where it is known from three distinct areas;<ol><li>Wadi Tarabat: the upper reaches (a few plants observed; G. Brown pers. comm. 2019) and on the plains and lower parts of Wadi Tarabat at the northern end of Jebel Hafeet (R. Khan, G.R. Feulner pers. comm. 2019). Two locations, based on the division of this area by the privately managed fenced reserve.</li><li>Very locally immediately to the east of Jebel Hafeet at the base of the mountain. One location, defined by camel grazing.</li><li>A small subpopulation in a small wadi at high elevation (900 m) close to the summit (S. Sakkir pers. comm. 2019). One location; threats uncertain, but likely to include grazing pressure and drought.</li></ol>In addition, the species has been recorded once in Wadi Shuaib (T. Mahmoud pers. comm. 2019), however the origin of the species here requires confirmation; it is may be of anthropogenic origin, or have originated from above the dame, in adjacent parts of Oman. The estimated EOO for this species is 213 km<sup>2</sup>. There are at present no records of the species from Oman, but it might be expected to occur in the Musandam Peninsula (S. Ghazanfar pers. comm. 2019) or on adjacent parts of Jebel Hafeet. Globally, this species occurs in Egypt (Sinai), the eastern Mediterranean (Israel, Palestine, Jordan), through the Arabian Peninsula, to Iraq and Iran (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018), whilst Greuter (2006-2009) gives a wider distribution to Morocco in North Africa and possibly north to Lebanon-Syria, but excludes the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq and Iran.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species is a perennial shrub that grows up to 0.5 m in height that flowers between February and April and grows in compacted sand (Jongbloed et al. 2003) in runnels (G. Brown pers. comm. 2019). A continuing decline in habitat quality is suspected as a result of grazing (by camels and introduced ungulates) in parts of its range, primarily around the lower slopes and adjacent plains of Jebel Hafeet.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
In 2003, the habitat of the species was impacted by off-road driving, and the population had been impacted by drought, with no live plants seen (Jongbloed 2006), although G. Brown (pers. comm. 2019) considers that the plants are likely to have been dormant rather than dead. The area where the species occurs at the northern end of the mountain has undergone significant development in recent years. Part of the area of occurrence at the northern end of the mountain is fenced (a privately managed area) and the threats in this area are not well understood. Camels are known to occur on the eastern side of the mountain (G. Brown pers. comm. 2019) and feral ungulates occur on Jebel Hafeet.
History
In 1996, the species will have had a slightly larger AOO, but still within the thresholds for Endangered, however the primary threat at the time (off-road driving) was not sufficient to define <10 locations given the difficult terrain. The species is therefore assessed as Near Threatened in 1996 on the basis of the restricted EOO and AOO.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
