Anvillea garcinii | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Taxa
Anvillea garcinii | (Burm.f.) DC.
Publication
UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants
Location
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Scope (Assessment)
National
Taxon
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, this species is known from Jebel Hafeet (Jongbloed et al. 2003), where it is known from three distinct areas;<ol><li>Wadi Tarabat: the upper reaches (a few plants observed; G. Brown pers. comm. 2019) and on the plains and lower parts of Wadi Tarabat at the northern end of Jebel Hafeet (R. Khan, G.R. Feulner pers. comm. 2019). Two locations, based on the division of this area by the privately managed fenced reserve.</li><li>Very locally immediately to the east of Jebel Hafeet at the base of the mountain. One location, defined by camel grazing.</li><li>A small subpopulation in a small wadi at high elevation (900 m) close to the summit (S. Sakkir pers. comm. 2019). One location; threats uncertain, but likely to include grazing pressure and drought.</li></ol>In addition, the species has been recorded once in Wadi Shuaib (T. Mahmoud pers. comm. 2019), however the origin of the species here requires confirmation; it is may be of anthropogenic origin, or have originated from above the dame, in adjacent parts of Oman. The estimated EOO for this species is 213 km<sup>2</sup>. There are at present no records of the species from Oman, but it might be expected to occur in the Musandam Peninsula (S. Ghazanfar pers. comm. 2019) or on adjacent parts of Jebel Hafeet. Globally, this species occurs in Egypt (Sinai), the eastern Mediterranean (Israel, Palestine, Jordan), through the Arabian Peninsula, to Iraq and Iran (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018), whilst Greuter (2006-2009) gives a wider distribution to Morocco in North Africa and possibly north to Lebanon-Syria, but excludes the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq and Iran.
Habitats and Ecology
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species is a perennial shrub that grows up to 0.5 m in height that flowers between February and April and grows in compacted sand (Jongbloed et al. 2003) in runnels (G. Brown pers. comm. 2019). A continuing decline in habitat quality is suspected as a result of grazing (by camels and introduced ungulates) in parts of its range, primarily around the lower slopes and adjacent plains of Jebel Hafeet.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Endangered
Assessment status abreviation
EN
Assessment status criteria
B1ab(iii); D
Assessment rationale/justification
In the UAE, this species is known from Jebel Hafeet and an adjacent wadi and plain. The species has also been recorded from a dam outflow in Wadi Shuaib; this locality is excluded here because the origin of the species at that site requires confirmation. The EOO is estimated to be 213 km<sup>2</sup> and there are considered to be three locations. The species is assessed as Endangered (EN B1ab(iii); D) based on the restricted number (&lt;500) of mature individuals and its restricted EOO, occurrence in three locations, and an inferred continuing decline in habitat quality as a result of drought, development, and other threats. Confirmation of the distribution and population status of this species is needed. No adjacent populations are yet known in Oman, and no regional adjustment is applied.
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
In 2003, the habitat of the species was impacted by off-road driving, and the population had been impacted by drought, with no live plants seen (Jongbloed 2006), although G. Brown (pers. comm. 2019) considers that the plants are likely to have been dormant rather than dead. The area where the species occurs at the northern end of the mountain has undergone significant development in recent years. Part of the area of occurrence at the northern end of the mountain is fenced (a privately managed area) and the threats in this area are not well understood. Camels are known to occur on the eastern side of the mountain (G. Brown pers. comm. 2019) and feral ungulates occur on Jebel Hafeet.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
In 1996, the species will have had a slightly larger AOO, but still within the thresholds for Endangered, however the primary threat at the time (off-road driving) was not sufficient to define &lt;10 locations given the difficult terrain. The species is therefore assessed as Near Threatened in 1996 on the basis of the restricted EOO and AOO.
Scientific Name Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus
Anvillea garcinii Plantae Tracheophyta Magnoliopsida Asterales Asteraceae Anvillea