Gymnoris xanthocollis | UAE National Red List of Birds

Taxa
Gymnoris xanthocollis | (Burton, 1838)
Location
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Scope (Assessment)
National
Taxon
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Birds
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxonomic Notes
Gymnoris xanthocollis (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously placed in the genus Petronia following AERC TAC (2003); Cramp and Simmons (1977-1994); Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species breeds in the northern and eastern UAE, where it is common but localized (Jennings 2010, Pedersen et al. 2017). Occurrences in the southern and western parts of the country as well as in islands during March/April and September/October are likely to be of migrant individuals on passage to and from the breeding grounds (Pedersen et al. 2017).
Habitats and Ecology
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species is found in open dry woodland, but sometimes also in cultivated areas with scattered trees or hedgerows, generally avoiding sandy desert (Jennings 2010, Aspinall and Porter 2011, Summers-Smith 2019). It has a strong preference for Ghaf (Prosopis cineraria) and acacia trees; however, during passage, almost any type of woodland is utilised, including mangroves, parks and large gardens (Jennings 2010). During the breeding season, the diet mainly consists of insects, in particular Orthoptera and Cicadidae, which are collected in the canopy of trees (Jennings 2010). Individuals on passage take nectar from flowering Eucalyptus and probably also Ghaf trees (Jennings 2010). Individuals arrive to the breeding grounds within the UAE from late March to April, when territories are established and males start singing. The breeding period is not known exactly, but it is assumed that three to four eggs are laid in April/May, which are incubated by the female, and juveniles fledge between mid-May and early July (Jennings 2010). Nests have not been described for the UAE. Elsewhere, they consist of; dry grass, wool and hair, lined with feathers. They are usually placed in a crevice in a tree or shrub in more than 2 m height. There might be competition for nest sites with other hole-breeders, including Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) and Pallid Scops-owl (Otus brucei) (Jennings 2010).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Endangered
Assessment status abreviation
EN
Assessment status criteria
D
Assessment rationale/justification
The population size of this species within the UAE is potentially very small, potentially as low as 100 mature individuals, and the population is suspected to be declining. Therefore, the species is assessed as Endangered, without applying a regional adjustment.
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Loss of woodland (e.g. Acacia and Prosopis), would have an impact on this species (see Aspinall 1996). Development in certain areas would also likely pose a threat to this species. There is some trade in this species, but this is only thought to involve imported individuals rather than capture from the wild within the country (Aspinall 1996).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
This species breeding in Ghaf groves, which have declined since 1996 and it is possible that the species doesn't adapt to altered habitats; which means that this species is suspected to be undergoing a decline within the UAE. While the 1996 population estimate of Aspinall (1996) is considered to be an overestimate, it is still considered here that the species would have warranted a listing of Least Concern in 1996, whereas now it is assessed as Endangered.
Scientific Name Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus
Gymnoris xanthocollis Animalia Chordata Aves Passeriformes Passeridae Gymnoris