United Arab Emirates

Official name
United Arab Emirates
ISO alpha-2 code
AE
ISO alpha-3 code
ARE
ISO numeric-3 code
784
Continent
Asia

Rhabdosargus sarba | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This coastal speciescan enter estuaries, but is common in shallow water and often at the surf-line or in rock pools (Frimodt 1995, Sommer et al. 1996, Allen et al. 2002). Larger, solitary individuals occasionally enter brackish mangrove areas. Juveniles in estuaries move into deeper water with growth (Bauchot and Skelton 1986). It is often observed in schools (Lieske and Myers 1994). It primarily consumes benthic invertebrates, mainly mollusks and aquatic macrophytes (Blaber 1984, Fischer et al. 1990). The maximum total length is 80 cm (Torres 1991). The maximum age in the UAE is 12 years and the mean length and age at first sexual maturity is 24.6 cm total length and 2.95 years (Farrag et al. 2017). When applying an age at first reproduction of 2.95 years and longevity of 12 years, its estimated generation length is 7.5 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.
Taxon
Taxa
Rhabdosargus sarba | (Forsskål, 1775)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxonomic Notes
A number of synonyms have been previously used for Rhabdosargus sarba, including Sparus sarba, Austrosparus sarba, Chrysophrys sarba, etc. (Smith and Smith 1986). In Australia, Whitley (1931) described Roughleyia (=Rhabdosargus) tarwhine to distinguish the eastern Australian species from the east African species. Then Munro (1949) reviewed the genus in Australia and confirmed the name Rhabdosargus sarba for the west and east Indian, and west Pacific Ocean populations. Whitley (1964) persisted with the subspecies status as Rhabdosargus sarba tarwhine for the Australian population, but this was not followed by others. The taxonomy of the Rhabdosargus sarba complex is currently under review by Yukio Iwatsuki, (Miyazaki University, Japan). Rhabdosargus sarba might be confused with R. haffara. Taxonomic review is urgently needed (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013).
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. In the Arabian Gulf, it appears to be restricted to the southern portion. Globally, it is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific (Heemstra and Heemstra 2004).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Endangered
Assessment status abreviation
EN
Assessment status criteria
A2bcd+4bcd
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This coastal species occurs throughout UAE waters. It is targeted by commercial fisheries along with the congener Rhabdosargus haffara, and due to similarities in appearance, landings are lumped throughout the Arabian Gulf region. It may be rare in comparison to R. haffara, but further taxonomic study is needed. The stock is considered overexploited in Abu Dhabi according to assessments conducted in 2011 and 2018. Catch in Abu Dhabi declined by 88% over the past 11 years. Its population status in neighboring areas is not well-understood, but the species is also heavily exploited elsewhere, and declining landings have also been recorded in other countries within the region. Based on stock assessments and catch data, it is inferred that this species has undergone a decline of at least 50% and possibly more over the past two generation lengths, or 15 years. With recent fisheries management measures implemented in Abu Dhabi, it is difficult to say whether fishing effort will continue to increase or decrease within the near future; however, effort in this fishery in surrounding Emirates where management measures are not stringent may increase or remain the same. Considering that other Emirates and surrounding countries that likely share this stock do not have management measures in place to reduce effort in the gargoor fishery, population declines are expected to continue. In addition, degradation of estuarine habitats is ongoing in the UAE and Arabian Gulf region. It is listed as Endangered A2bcd+A4bcd.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Overfishing is a major threat to this species in the UAE (Grandcourt et al. 2011). Coastal development in the UAE and Arabian Gulf region, which includes degradation of estuaries, may also impact this species.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
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Acanthopagrus randalli | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Sub-adults of this species likely utilize shallow coastal waters that are impacted by the volume of freshwater inflow (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013). The maximum standard length is 32.2 cm (Iwatsuki and Carpenter 2009), however, the maximum size is probably around 50 cm total length (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013).
Taxon
Taxa
Acanthopagrus randalli | Iwatsuki & Carpenter, 2009
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxonomic Notes
Acanthopagrus randalli, a new sparid species, is described on the basis of two specimens, collected from Bahrain and Kuwait in the Arabian Gulf, respectively (Iwatsuki and Carpenter 2009).
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species has not yet been recorded in the UAE, but may occur on the Arabian Gulf coast. On the global-level, it was originally thought to be endemic to the Arabian Gulf (Iwatsuki and Carpenter 2009) until a photograph from western Pakistan indicated it may occur elsewhere (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Data deficient
Assessment status abreviation
DD
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This coastal species is known from only two type specimens collected from fish markets of Kuwait and Bahrain. It is not yet confirmed from UAE waters, but possibly occurs there; therefore, it is listed as Data Deficient.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Threats to this species in the UAE are poorly understood.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
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Sparidentex hasta | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species occurs in shallow coastal waters to moderate depths over reefs and adjacent habitats, as well as estuaries and the lower reaches of rivers (Bauchot and Smith 1984, Randall 1995, Kamrani et al. 2016). It is a protandrous hermaphrodite. At one year of age, 90% of the population are male with running milt, while the other 10% are immature, but the age at which sex change occurs is not known (Kime et al. 1991). The maximum total length is 50 cm (Randall 1995).
Taxon
Taxa
Sparidentex hasta | (Valenciennes, 1830)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is restricted to the western Indian Ocean where it occurs from the Arabian Gulf to India (Bauchot and Smith 1984).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Data deficient
Assessment status abreviation
DD
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This coastal species occurs throughout UAE waters. It is taken in commercial fisheries in the UAE and surrounding areas of the Arabian Gulf and Sea of Oman. Landings in Abu Dhabi declined in the late 2000s, but updated data are needed to discern trends since 2011. Based on the uncertainty regarding the population trend of this exploited species, it is listed as Data Deficient. Studies are needed to estimate life history parameters (age at sexual maturity and longevity) to calculate generation length. Improvements in fisheries management is also needed.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Overfishing is a potential major threat to this species in the Arabian Gulf and Sea of Oman region, which includes the UAE. Corals in the UAE and Arabian Gulf have severely declined due to the increasing frequency of mass bleaching events caused by rising water temperatures, which is a consequence of climate change, as well as pervasive coastal development (Riegl et al. 2018, Burt et al. 2019).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Rhabdosargus haffara | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species inhabits shallow waters, mainly around coral reefs, as well as on sandy or mud-sandy bottoms (Bauchot and Smith 1984). It primarily consumes molluscs, and to a lesser extent, crustaceans. The maximum total length is 35 cm (Sommer et al. 1996). In the Arabian Gulf, the maximum recorded age of Rhabdosargus sarbais 8 years (El-Agamy 1989). The mean age and size at sexual maturity off Abu Dhabi is 2 years and 23.5 cm for males and 2.1 years and 23.7 cm for females (Grandcourt et al. 2011). When applying an age at first reproduction of 2 years and longevity of 8 years, its estimated generation length is 5 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.
Taxon
Taxa
Rhabdosargus haffara | (Forsskål, 1775)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxonomic Notes
The type locality of this species is in the Red Sea. The Red Sea specimen is significantly genetically different from the Arabian Gulf specimens. Further study is needed to clarify the taxonomic status of this species (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013).
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it has a disjunct distribution, with one subpopulation restricted to the Red Sea, and the other restricted to the southern Arabian Gulf from Bahrain to the United Arab Emirates to the Omani coast along the Sea of Oman (Bauchot and Smith 1984, Randall 1995).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Data deficient
Assessment status abreviation
DD
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This coastal species occurs throughout UAE waters. It is targeted by commercial fisheries along with its congener Rhabdosargus sarba, and due to similarities in appearance, landings are lumped throughout the Arabian Gulf region. The stock of R. sarba is considered overexploited in Abu Dhabi, and declining landings have also been recorded in other countries within the region. Based on the uncertainty regarding the population trend of this exploited species, it is listed as Data Deficient in UAE waters. Improvements in fisheries management are needed.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Overfishing is a major threat to this species in the UAE (Grandcourt et al. 2011). Corals in the UAE and Arabian Gulf have severely declined due to the increasing frequency of mass bleaching events caused by rising water temperatures, which is a consequence of climate change, as well as pervasive coastal development (Riegl et al. 2018, Burt et al. 2019).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
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Dactyloctenium aegyptium | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This is a species of plantations (Mahmoud et al. 2018), fields, gardens (Jongbloed et al. 2003), moist soils (MEW 2010) and roadsides in addition to other anthropogenic habitats (Al Mehairbi et al. 2019). It is an annual species, with stems erect or prostrate, up to 0.4 m, forming dense mats (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Taxon
Taxa
Dactyloctenium aegyptium | (L.) Willd.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
The species is widespread in the eastern half of the UAE and is also present on offshore islands (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The species has not been found in the Ru'us al-Jibal, however, it may exist in the mountains (Feulner 2011). Al Mehairbi et al. (2019) show a much broader and more continuous distribution, extending west well into Abu Dhabi Emirate. The species is considered introduced to the UAE by MoCCaE (O. Al Shamsi pers. comm. 2019) and by Al Mehairbi et al. (2019). The species is widely distributed across the globe (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). It is found in south-east Europe, North Africa, Macaronesia, the western Indian Ocean, Asia (Arabia, China, India, Indochina, Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea). It is considered to be introduced to Australia, the Pacific, and the Americas (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). The native distribution of this species is uncertain, although it is considered native to Africa (Heuzé et al. 2015) and perhaps the Near East.
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Data Deficient
Assessment status abreviation
DD
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
The species is widespread and common in the UAE. The origin of the species in the UAE requires confirmation, as it occurs in anthropogenic habitats, although it perhaps prefers disturbed habitats. Given the uncertainty surrounding its origin, it is considered Data Deficient.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
This species is not likely to be threatened.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Brachiaria reptans | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This is an annual plant that spreads with rooting at nodes (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It can grow up to 60 cm in height, has lance-shaped leaves and inflorescence spikes (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Generally, the species grows in gravel or sand and is easily confused with the more common Echinochloa colona (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Globally, the species is considered a moderately common weed of sugarcane fields, roadsides, open grasslands and the seashore (Gupta 2013).
Taxon
Taxa
Brachiaria reptans | (L.) C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is known from the Ru'us al-Jibal and from the Al Ain area (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Feulner 2011). It has been reported from elevations between sea level to around 800 m (Gupta 2013). Globally, this species is native to the Arabian Peninsula, India and the surrounding countries: Southeast Asia, Indonesia and northern Australia (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018). It has been introduced to eastern Africa, Central America and northern South America (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
Despite being described as 'rare' within the Hajar Mountains, this species is actually a weed species. As such, it is considered frequent further inland in the Al Ain locality. It is also able to persist at a range of elevations (from sea level to 800 m) and globally it is known to persist in a variety of habitats including roads, fields, coastal areas and gravel/and substrates. Further, it may well occur within the Jebel Hafeet protected area. Therefore, it is assessed as Least Concern.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
There is no information available.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Halophila ovalis | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This plant is a species of seagrass (Phillips et al. 2002). It can grow at depths of up to 14 m (H.S. Das pers. comm. 2019).
Taxon
Taxa
Halophila ovalis | (R.Br.) Hook.f.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxonomic Notes
This a member of the Halophila ovalis complex, which is under taxonomic review. Historically, other species currently considered to be in this complex may have been labelled as H. ovalis.
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the UAE, the species is known to occur in Abu Dhabi Emirate (Phillips et al. 2002) in addition to Dubai. The AOO of this species is estimated to be around 3,000 km<sup>2</sup> (H.S. Das pers. comm. 2019). The number of threat-based locations is estimated to be greater than ten, due to the multiple patches of seagrass found along the UAE coastline. The native range of this species spans from the Red Sea area to Madagascar and on to the Pacific (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B2ab(iii)
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This seagrass species can be found along the coastlines of Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The estimated AOO is around 3,000 km<sup>2</sup> and it is considered to occur at more than ten threat-based locations. Halophila ovalis is experiencing a continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat due to multiple threats, such as dredging of coastlines for artificial island creation, oil related activities, pollution and climate change. Therefore, this species is assessed as Near Threatened.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
This species is particularly susceptible to coastal development but can recover quickly if disturbance ceases and conditions improve. It can also be affected by siltation and sedimentation (Short et al. 2010, Erftemeijer and Shuail 2012). In the UAE, the species is impacted by coastal dredging and land reclamation and development, fish trawling activities, oil spills and oil pollution, oil extraction developments, coastal water eutrophication and salinisation (from water desalination plants), siltation, and other forms of pollution (Erftemeijer and Shuail 2012). Given its shallow water habitat, this species may also be threatened by climate change and the associated increase in storm activity, water temperature, and/or sea-level rise (Short et al. 2010).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
Coastal development within the UAE has been increasing in frequency and intensity since 1996, reducing the extent and quality of available habitat for this species.
Verified entry
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Fimbristylis dichotoma | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not possible
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
There is no information available.
Taxon
Taxa
Fimbristylis dichotoma | (L.) Vahl
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxonomic Notes
This is a very variable species, particularly in West Africa where Hooper and Napper (1972) recognised three varieties. These were the typical variety, var. dichotoma, var. pluristriata (C.B. Clarke) Napper and var. laxa (Vahl) Napper. These subspecies and varieties have been recognised by different authors. Var. pluristriata was given subspecific rank by T. Koyama as Fimbristylis dichotoma subsp. podocarpa (Nees) T. Koyama, while var. laxa is at present on WCSP sunk into the typical species Fimbristylis dichotoma subsp. dichotoma. In some regions of Africa, namely South Africa and the area covered by the Flora Zambesiaca, Fimbristylis dichotoma is not as variable and the nutlets are entirely tuberculate like those of the typical variety as seen in West African countries.
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
There are literature records for UAE (e.g. specimen by U. Deil in Jongbloed et al. 2003), however no recent records or mentions of this species have been found for the UAE, and its presence needs confirmation. This is also emphasised by the lack of specimens in neighbouring Oman. Globally, this species is known from the tropics and subtropics across the world (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Data Deficient
Assessment status abreviation
DD
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
There is little information available regarding this species and its distribution, population status and ecology within the UAE. It is therefore assessed as Data Deficient.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
There is no information available.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Stuckenia pectinata | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
It is known to grow within brackish and freshwater pools (Böer 1998, Perry 2008). This species forms associations with Schoenoplectus litoralis in deep pools (Ghazanfar and Fisher 1998).
Taxon
Taxa
Stuckenia pectinata | (L.) Börner
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the UAE, this species was recorded from a brackish pool of Ayn al Faida, close to Jebel Hafeet (Böer 1998). The native range of this species spans across the Americas, Europe, Africa, temperate and tropical Asia and Australasia (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Data Deficient
Assessment status abreviation
DD
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
Although this species has been recorded from one locality close to Jebel Hafeet, further detailed distribution information within the country is not available. There is also little information on the population status and trend, habitats, ecology and threats to this species within the UAE. Therefore, it is currently assessed as Data Deficient.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
The exact locality is not known, but existing pools at Ain Al Faydah are surrounded by areas of urban development and impacted by livestock grazing. The source of water is not known, but waste and surface water pollution is likely to be a significant threat.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
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Arenaria serpyllifolia | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Found on stony slopes (Feulner 2014).
Taxon
Taxa
Arenaria serpyllifolia | L.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species has been recorded from the Ru'us al Jibal (Wadi Beh; Böer and Chaudhary 1999) and from the Hatta Hills in the Hajar Mountains, where it is rare (MEW 2010), and from the 'Olive Highlands' area (Feulner 2014). Chamberlain (1996): Recorded from Saudi Arabia and Yemen (N & S) but no specimens have been seen. Distributed widely across the temperate parts of Eurasia and northern Africa and introduced in America and Australia.
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
The species is moderately widespread in the mountains of the UAE, and is assessed as Least Concern.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Grazing by livestock may impact the species in parts of its range.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off