This annual herb species grows within compacted sand (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It has prostrate stems that reach lengths of up to 30 cm, lance-shaped leaves, white flower clusters between February and April and star-shaped, hairy seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The plant is covered in white, woolly hairs (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is a crop wild relative of milkvetch, Astragalus species (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This annual herb species has leaflets with pointed tips, blue flowers and hairy seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009). It is considered to be an important contributor to biomass within sand dune and stabilised sand environments (Ghazanfar and Fisher 1998). This species is a crop wild relative of Astragalus species including the milkvetch (Kameswara Rao 2013).

Astragalus hamosus is a rare annual herb species of the sandy desert, covered with white hairs (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009). This species is also a crop wild relative of milkvetch species (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This annual herb species grows within compact sand environments, such as in between inland sand dunes (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Sakkir and Brown 2014, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It can grow up to 25 cm in height, has long stalked leaves, pale yellow and cream flowers which are present between February to April, in addition to curved, hairy seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The entire plant is also covered in white hairs (Jongbloed et al. 2003). This species is a crop wild relative of milkvetch, Astragalus species (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This annual herb species can reach up to 30 cm in height (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009). It has notched leaflets on long stalks, pink/cream flowers between February and April and curved seed pods with a hooked tip (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is recorded as growing in cultivated fields and within damp habitats, in addition to gravel wadis and low to medium elevation mountain slopes (Jongbloed et al. 2003, MEW 2010). This plant is a crop wild relative of the cicer milkvetch, Astragalus species (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This annual herb species can grow up to 20 cm in height (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009, El-Keblawy and Abdelfatah 2014). It has divided leaves, pink clustered flowers between February and May, in addition to curved, mottled seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Astragalus annularis grows within sand both along the coast and further inland (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is a crop wild relative of Astragalus species, including cicer milkvetch (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This perennial species grows as a shrublet in sand substrates and gravel wadis (Faswzi and Ksiksi 2012, Feulner 2016, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It has a woody base, can reach up to 100 cm in height and has oval leaves in addition to yellow flowers which are present throughout the year, but more often following rain and spring (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The seed pod is broad and flat, beginning as green before maturing to be black in colour (Jongbloed et al. 2003).

This perennial shrub species has leaves with pointed tips and yellow flowers which are present between March and December (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is known to grow within compacted sand (Jongbloed et al. 2003) and has been recorded from a roadside along with Tephrosia species. Senna alexandrina is considered to be an unpalatable plant which may protect it from grazing.

This small shrub species is described as a halophyte (Böer and Saenger 2006). It is known to grow within sand and gravel environments (Jongbloed et al. 2003), in addition to seasonal wadis and abandoned fields. Prosopis farcta is a perennial species with thorns and alternating leaves (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It produces small yellow flowers between April to August and also has square, fat seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003).

The species is found on gravel and sand plains, wadi banks, mountain slopes and mountain plains up to medium elevations (Jongbloed et al. 2003). G.R Feulner (in litt, MEW 2010) considered the primary habitats to be gravel plains and foothills. It generally grows as a tree up to 4-6(-12) m, with a single stem or several branching stems (Jongbloed et al. 2003), although it can grow to 21 m in height in parts of its range (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). Vachellia tortilis flowers from spring until early summer (April to June; DDCR 2019). The species occurs to c. 1,350 m asl in the Ru'us al-Jibal, however it is considered uncommon above 800 m except in association with cultivation (Feulner 2011).