Exploitation is known to beoccurring at high levels throughout its range (Wingardand Zahler, 2006), although no population data areavailable at present. When this information becomesavailable, this species may be re-categorised as threatenedunder Criterion A. Generation length has been estimatedas four years, based on data from Nowak (1991). The assessment remains unchangedfollowing application of regional criteria as there is no signifi cant immigration from adjacentcountries.

Exploitation is known to beoccurring at high levels throughout its range (Wingard andZahler, 2006), although no population data are availableat present. When this information becomes available,this species may be re-categorised as threatened underCriterion A. Generation length has been estimated as fouryears, based on data from Nowak (1991). The assessmentremains unchanged following application of regionalcriteria as there is no signifi cant immigration from adjacent countries.

In 1980 the Mongolianpopulation was estimated at 30,000 individuals bythe Mongolian Academy of Sciences. More recentestimates vary greatly, with the most recent fi guresindicating that there may be fewer than 10,000individuals remaining in Mongolia (Mech andBoitani, 2004). However, there is great uncertaintyassociated with these estimates and more extensivesurveys are needed to gain insight into the current population size. No population studies haveever been conducted to determine wolf population densities, distribution, pack size, or range(Wingard and Zahler, 2006). Generation length has been estimated as six years, based ondata from Nowak (1991). The observed declines in population size are believed to be causedprimarily by exploitation, persecution, and disease. It is clear that this species is declining, butthe rate of decline is diffi cult to determine. It is therefore listed as Near Threatened, but furthersurveys may reveal that it should be listed as Vulnerable or even Endangered under CriterionA. The assessment remains unchanged following application of regional criteria, as there is nosignifi cant immigration from adjacent countries.

There is very little dataavailable on population trends for this species inMongolia. However, exploitation is believed to beoccurring at high levels throughout its range. Whenpopulation data becomes available, this speciesmay be re-categorised as threatened under CriterionA if conservation actions are not implemented.The assessment remains unchanged following application of regional criteria as there is nosignifi cant immigration from adjacent countries.

There is very littledata available on population trends for this speciesin Mongolia. However, exploitation is believedto be occurring at high levels throughout itsrange. When population data becomes available,this species may be re-categorised as threatenedunder Criterion A if conservation actions are notimplemented. The assessment remains unchangedfollowing application of regional criteria asthere is no signifi cant immigration from adjacentcountries.

There is very little informationavailable on population trends for this species in Mongolia.However, exploitation is believed to be occurring at highlevels throughout its range. When population data becomesavailable, this species may be re-categorised as threatened32under Criterion A if conservation actions are not implemented. The assessment remainsunchanged following application of regional criteria as there is no signifi cant immigrationfrom adjacent countries.