This species inhabits a wide range of bottoms to 150 m depth, usually 5-100 m (Smith and Smith 1986, Sommer et al. 1996). Young fish occur in very shallow waters of sheltered bays (Sommer et al. 1996) and larger individuals occur in deeper water. It occurs in estuaries along the Iranian Sea of Oman coast (Kamrani et al. 2016). It feeds on benthic invertebrates, mainly mollusks (Fischer et al. 1990, Salini et al. 1994). The spawning season in the Arabian Sea occurs from September to January, with a peak around October-November. In the southern Arabian Gulf, spawning occurs from January to April (Grandcourt et al. 2004). In Qatari waters, spawning occurs from November to March, with a peak in December (Abdallah et al. 2012). There is some evidence of large aggregations forming during autumn in the Gulf of Aden (Mann and Fennessy 2000). Its maximum total length is 75 cm (S. Alam pers. comm. 2013). The fork length at first maturity in Oman is 28.6 and 26.4 cm for females and males, respectively (McIlwain et al. 2006). Age and length at first maturity off Abu Dhabi is estimated as 26.9 cm and 2.4 years for males and 26.7 cm and 2.4 years for females (Grandcourt et al. 2004). In the Arabian Sea off Oman, longevity was estimated as 25 years and size and age at maturity as 36.5 cm and 5 years for males and 37.2 cm and 5.6 years for females (Al Mamry et al. 2009). In Iran, the maximum recorded ages for females and males was 21 and 25 years, respectively (Ghanbarzadeh et al. 2017). When applying an age at first reproduction of 3 years and longevity of 25 years, its estimated generation length is 14 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.