Taxon name
Halodule uninervis
(Forssk.) Boiss.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Halodule uninervis
(Forssk.) Boiss.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Species authority
(Forssk.) Boiss.
Taxonomic notes and synonyms listed
Halodule pinifolia is sometimes confused with this species.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Criteria system used
IUCN
(see Assessment details)
Assessment rationale/justification
This is the most common species of seagrass in the UAE, where it occurs along the Arabian Gulf coast. Large areas of this species are found in inshore areas and around most, if not all, islands in Abu Dhabi Emirate, from the Abu Dhabi Islands to Ra's Hanjurah, extending eastwards to at least Umm Al Quwain. This species is susceptible to coastal development and water quality decline but can recover quickly if disturbance ceases and conditions improve. It is assessed as Least Concern.
Assessment details
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This is the most common species of seagrass in the UAE. In the Arabian Gulf, there are large areas of this species in inshore areas and around most, if not all, islands in Abu Dhabi Emirate, from the Abu Dhabi Islands to Ra's Hanjurah, with a total area of c.55 km<sup>2</sup> estimated and representing c. 60% of seagrass bed content (EAD 2017); seagrass was found to be much more abundant in eastern Abu Dhabi, with the highest densities occurring north of Abu Dhabi Island around Al Samaliyah Island (EAD 2008). There is estimated to be around 4,000 km<sup>2</sup> of this species within Abu Dhabi Emirate (H.S. Das pers. comm. 2019). The species also occurs in Dubai Emirate, with records of extensive seagrass beds containing this species in the Jebel Ali area, particularly between Ras Hasyan and Ras Ghantoot, with their distribution primarily linked to areas of unconsolidated, deep sand (CBD 2016), and offshore from Jumeirah Beach. The species occurs eastwards to at least Umm Al Quwain. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. In the Pacific, it is found in southern Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, throughout the Gulf of Thailand and along the coast of Vietnam and southern China. It occurs throughout insular Southeast Asia, northeast to the Northern Mariana Islands, Micronesia, and southeast to the Fiji Islands, as well as across northern Australia and the Great Barrier Reef. In the Indian Ocean, it is found from Geographe Bay in Western Australia extending across the Timor Sea, the south coast of Indonesia, and to the Andaman Sea and extending around the Bay of Bengal and around India to the Malabar Coast. It ranges from the Persian Gulf to the Red Sea, south to the east coast of South Africa to Madagascar and the islands of the western Indian Ocean.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This is a sublittoral seagrass found from the mid-intertidal to a depth of 20 m. It is the least habitat-specific species of the seagrasses that occur in the UAE, being found in inter-tidal and sub-tidal zones, shallow sandy bays, in mangrove flats of fine mud and sand, in sheltered habitats with high levels of organic matter sediments, and in shallow open coast (EAD 2008). It is very fast growing, colonizes rapidly, and can flower prolifically, and some locations have very large seed banks. It can form dense meadows at some sites, whilst patchy and intermixed with other seagrass species (Short et al. 2010). In the Arabian Gulf, it tolerates extreme conditions with salinity varying from 38-70 ppt and temperatures of 10-“39'°C (inshore) and 19-33'°C (offshore; Short et al. 2010). Halodule uninervis is one of favoured foods of the Dugong and often heavily grazed (H.S. Das pers. comm. 2019).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
This species is particularly susceptible to coastal development but can recover quickly if disturbance ceases and conditions improve. It can also be affected by siltation and sedimentation (Short et al. 2010, Erftemeijer and Shuail 2012). In the UAE, the species is impacted by coastal dredging and land reclamation and development, fish trawling activities, oil spills and oil pollution, oil extraction developments, coastal water eutrophication and salinisation (from water desalination plants), siltation, and other forms of pollution (Erftemeijer and Shuail 2012). Given its shallow water habitat, this species may also be threatened by climate change and the associated increase in storm activity, water temperature, and/or sea-level rise (Short et al. 2010).
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.