Taxon name
Xenus cinereus
(Güldenstädt, 1775)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Xenus cinereus
(Güldenstädt, 1775)
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Birds
Species authority
(Güldenstädt, 1775)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D1
Criteria system used
IUCN
(see Assessment details)
Assessment rationale/justification
This species has a restricted but stable non-breeding population in the UAE, which qualifies it for listing as Endangered, however this assessment is downlisted by one category to Vulnerable given the large and Least Concern global population.
Assessment details
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
The majority of occurrences of this species within the UAE are likely to be of wintering birds and migrant individuals on passage to and from the breeding grounds (Pedersen et al. 2017). The species is fairly common to common along the coast of the UAE, on passage also further inland (Pedersen et al. 2017). While it is recorded in all months, numbers peak between late July and October (Richardson 1990, Pedersen et al. 2017). Preferred wintering sites include Khor Al Beidah (Umm al-Quwain), Khor Al Jazeera (Ras al-Khaimah), Khor Kalba (Sharjah) and the lagoons around Abu Dhabi City (Richardson 1990).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
During the non-breeding season, this species is found along the coast, especially in mudflats, tidal pools and creek edges, mangroves and salt marshes (Richardson 1990, Aspinall and Porter 2011). During migration, the species may stop-over at inland freshwater wetlands, such as muddy lakes or river edges (Urban et al. 1986, del Hoyo et al. 1996).There is no information available about its diet in the UAE; elsewhere in the non-breeding season and on migration, the diet is varied and consists of insects, small molluscs, crustaceans (including crabs), spiders and annelid worms (del Hoyo et al. 1996). It forages both diurnally and nocturnally, but its nocturnal activities may be restricted to moonlit nights (Rohweder and Baverstock 1996). The species is migratory (del Hoyo et al. 1996). Individuals occurring in the UAE breed between May and June in boreal forest and tundra of north-western Asia; they migrate south overland through the Caspian region and the Middle East (del Hoyo et al. 1996). Many one-year-old and other non-breeding birds remain in the wintering grounds throughout the northern summer (Urban et al. 1986, del Hoyo et al. 1996, Pedersen et al. 2017).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Within its European range, the breeding success of this species is not well known, but there are indications that an overall increase of common gulls, crows and mammalian predators has led to increased nest predation (BirdLife International 2015). Anthropogenic habitats in the wood processing industry are subject to unpredictable changes that can drive small-ranged populations to extinction within a short period of time (BirdLife International 2015). However, the most relevant threats within UAE are changes in coastal land-use and the possibility of oil pollution, but the severity of these threats towards this species is unknown. Climate change may have an impact on this species in the future.
History
In 1996 the population is thought to have been lower, but still qualifying as Endangered, and downlisted to VU.
Publication
Burfield, I.J., Westrip, J., Sheldon, R.D., Hermes, C., Wheatley, H., Smith, D., Harding, K.A. Allen, D.J. and Alshamsi, O. 2021. UAE National Red List of Birds. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, Dubai, United Arab Emirates