Taxon name
Calidris tenuirostris
(Horsfield, 1821)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Calidris tenuirostris
(Horsfield, 1821)
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Birds
Species authority
(Horsfield, 1821)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Critically Endangered
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D
Criteria system used
IUCN
(see Assessment details)
Assessment rationale/justification
This species has a very small non-breeding population in the UAE, which qualifies it for listing as Critically Endangered. On a global scale, the species is listed as Endangered due to a rapid decline. Therefore, breeding populations outside of the country may not have a large rescue effect, and the species is retained as Critically Endangered at the national level.
Assessment details
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
The majority of occurrences of this species within the UAE are likely to be of wintering birds or migrant individuals on passage to and from the breeding grounds (Pedersen et al. 2017). The species is common on passage and fairly common during winter, occurring mostly in Umm al-Quwain Emirate at Khor Al Beidah, on Merawah Island and in Sharjah Emirate at Khor Kalba (Richardson 1990, Richardson and Aspinall 1998). Numbers peak between August and April, but single individuals are also recorded during summer (Richardson and Aspinall 1998, Pedersen et al. 2017). The species was first recorded in the UAE in 1986 and has been occurring regularly in the country since 1990 (Richardson and Aspinall 1998).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
During winter, the species inhabits sheltered coastal habitats such as inlets, bays, harbours, estuaries and lagoons with large intertidal mud and sandflats, oceanic sandy beaches with nearby mudflats, sandy spits and islets, muddy shorelines with mangroves and occasionally exposed reefs or rock platforms (del Hoyo et al. 1996, Higgins and Davies 1996, Aspinall and Porter 2011). On passage, the species stages in estuaries and on intertidal mudflats (Tomkovich 1997, Moores 2006). There is no information available about its diet in the UAE; elsewhere during winter and on passage, it takes bivalves up to 36 mm long from intertidal mudflats, as well as gastropods, crustaceans, annelid worms and echinoderms (del Hoyo et al. 1996, Higgins and Davies 1996). It forages in small groups (Johnsgard 1981). It roosts in refuges, such as shallow water in sheltered sites, on coastal dunes or on saltflats amongst mangroves during high tides (Higgins and Davies 1996, Rogers et al. 2006). This species is a long-distance migrant and largely travels along the coast with few stopovers, but utilises different routes in autumn and in spring (del Hoyo;et al.;1996, Higgins and Davies 1996). Individuals wintering in the UAE breed between May and July in north-east Siberia. The species leaves the breeding grounds in July and arrives on the wintering grounds between August and October (del Hoyo;et al.;1996). The return migration to the breeding grounds takes place from March to April,;although juvenile non-breeders often remain in the wintering range for the breeding season (Hayman;et al.;1986, del Hoyo;et al. 1996, Pedersen et al. 2017).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Within the UAE the main threats to this species are likely to due coastal land-use changes and potentially oil pollution, but the severity of these threats to this species is uncertain. Globally, the population is declining very rapidly, predominantly due to development of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (especially in the Yellow Sea), but the degree of impact this has on the population that visits the UAE is unknown. The species is also potentially threatened by climate change because it has a geographically bounded distribution: its global distribution is restricted to within c. 10<sup>o</sup> latitude from the polar edge of continent, within which 20-50% of current vegetation type is projected to disappear under doubling of CO<sub>2</sub> levels (BirdLife International unpublished data).
History
It is thought likely that the population in 1996 exceeded 250 individuals but still fewer than 1,000, and the species is assessed as Vulnerable (D1) in 1996. Even though considered Least Concern in 1996, recent information has shown that in fact the global population was already declining rapidly at that time, and so no regional adjustment has been made to the 1996 assessment for this species.
Publication
Burfield, I.J., Westrip, J., Sheldon, R.D., Hermes, C., Wheatley, H., Smith, D., Harding, K.A. Allen, D.J. and Alshamsi, O. 2021. UAE National Red List of Birds. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, Dubai, United Arab Emirates