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Neophron percnopterus | UAE National Red List of Birds

Location
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Scope (Assessment)
National
Taxon
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Birds
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is resident in the UAE, where it occurs on Jebel Hafeet near Al Ain. Breeding has only been confirmed for this population in May 2017 (Pedersen et al. 2017), although this is unlikely to truly represent a very recent colonisation of the country as it has been considered resident in the UAE for some time (e.g. see Richardson 1990). A small part of the breeding population of Eurasia passes through the UAE on migration to the wintering sites in Africa (Jennings 2010). These migrant individuals occur throughout the country, away from Jebel Hafeet (Pedersen et al. 2017).
Habitats and Ecology
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species occurs in a variety of habitats, but is most often found near mountain cliffs, isolated jebels and wadis (Jennings 2010, Aspinall and Porter 2011). It also frequents human sites with high food availability, such as village refuse dumps, markets, abattoirs, animal farms and fishing ports (Jennings 2010, Aspinall and Porter 2011). The population at Jebel Hafeet regularly visits the lion enclosure at the Al Ain Zoo to feed (Jennings 2010). It feeds on any animal remains, for which it competes with corvids, other raptors, dogs and cats. As it is unable to tear apart large carcasses, it mostly relies on leftovers of larger vultures. Near the coast, it almost entirely scavenges on fish (Jennings 2010). The species depends on water sources and often visits pools, dams, camel troughs or leaking pipes (Jennings 2010). The species is usually solitary, but will congregate at feeding and roosting sites<a style=""mso-comment-reference:A_1;mso-comment-date: 20120227T1623""> (Ceballos and Donázar 1990</a>). The breeding season lasts from January to August, (Jennings 2010). The species nests in shady sites on cliffs, like crevices or ledges with an overhang, or in small caves(Sarà  and Di Vittorio 2003, Jennings 2010). Nests are constructed from twigs and rubbish items like paper, rages, faeces, fur, skin and bones, and are lined with goat hair and wool. They may be used for several years (Jennings 2010). Clutches contain one to two eggs (Jennings 2010).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Critically Endangered
Assessment status abreviation
CR
Assessment status criteria
A4a; C1+2a(i,ii); D
Assessment rationale/justification
This species is observed to be in rapid decline in UAE, and the size of the resident population is now tiny within the country. The population size is so small, and the rate of decline so rapid that the species warrants a listing of Critically Endangered under criteria A4a; C1+2a(i,ii); D.
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Aspinall (1996) says that there are no threats known to this species within UAE, while Symes et al. (2015) specifies only nest predation by White-tailed Mongoose Ichneumia albicauda;as a threat across the breeding population in the whole Arabian Peninsula. As for Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos tracheliotos, though, the species faces a large range of threats across its global range, and within UAE monitoring of other potential threats should occur. In particular persecution, and any potential impacts from poisoning (either due to diclofenac and other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs[NSAIDs; see Botha et al. 2017] or as a byproduct of poisoning feral dogs/wolves [see Symes et al. 2015]).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
It is assessed that in 1996, the national Red List status of this species would have been the same as in this assessment.