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NRLD - 329869 | Prionace glauca

Assessment ID
329869
Taxon name
Prionace glauca
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Prionace glauca
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Fishes
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
chondrichthyes
Order
carcharhiniformes
Family
carcharhinidae
Genus
Prionace
Species
glauca
Species authority
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Data Deficient
Abbreviated status
DD
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
In UAE waters, the Blue Shark may occur only in offshore waters of the Sea of Oman, though this remains unconfirmed. This species is considered productive, as it is relatively fast-growing and fecund. Around the world, the Blue Shark is taken in large numbers (an estimated 20 million individuals annually), mainly as bycatch, but there are no population estimates and many catches are unreported. IOTC fishery assessments suggest a wide range of stock statuses ranging from 'underexploited' to 'overfished with overfishing' occurring. Little is known on the population of this species in UAE waters. Given that its distribution in UAE waters (the Sea of Oman) remains uncertain, this species is listed as Data Deficient.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
The Blue Shark may occur in UAE waters on the Sea of Oman coast, but is not yet confirmed from there. It is excluded from the Arabian Gulf. Globally, it occurs throughout tropical and temperate seas from latitudes of about 60'°N to 50'°S (Last and Stevens 2009).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The Blue Shark is oceanic and pelagic, found from the surface to depths of 1000 m (Weigmann 2016). It occasionally occurs close inshore when the continental shelf is narrow. This species reaches a maximum size of about 380 cm total length (TL). About 50% of males in the Atlantic are sexually mature by 218 cm, although some may reach maturity as small as 182 cm TL. Females are sub-adult from 173-221 cm TL and fully mature from 221 cm TL (Pratt 1979), although pregnant specimens as small as 183 cm TL have been recorded from the eastern Pacific (Williams 1977).Blue Sharks are placentally viviparous, producing litters averaging about 35 pups (maximum recorded 135) after a gestation period of 9-12 months. At birth, pups measure 35-50 cm TL. Reproduction has been reported as seasonal in most areas, with the young often born in spring or summer (Pratt 1979, Stevens 1984, Nakano 1994) although the periods of ovulation and parturition may be extended (Hazin et al. 1994). Ageing studies suggest a longevity of about 20 years with males maturing at 4-6 and females at 5-7 years (Stevens 1975, Cailliet et al. 1983, Nakano 1994). Smith et al. (1998) estimated the intrinsic rate of population increase at MSY to be 0.061.Generation length is estimated to be 10.5 years based on study of Blue Shark in the Northwest Pacific by Nakano (1994).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Given the lack of clarity around the species occurrence in UAE waters, threats are poorly understood. In the UAE, sharks have been impacted by targeted commercial fisheries until 2014 when a ban on export of sharks was imposed (Ministry of Climate Change and Environment). Sharks continue to be impacted by artisanal and bycatch fisheries (Annual Fisheries Statistical Report for Abu Dhabi Emirate 2001-2018), though catch data are not species-specific. Marine habitats in the region have experienced high levels of disturbance and are quickly deteriorating due to major impacts from development activities (Sheppard <em style=""font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2; text-align:start;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;word-spacing:0px"">et al. 2010).
Publication
Ralph, G.M., Stump, E., Linardich, C., Bullock, R.W., Carpenter, K.E., Allen D.J., Hilton-Taylor, C., Al Mheiri, R., and Alshamsi, O. 2021. UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes. 2021. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.