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NRLD - 330573 | Sturnus vulgaris

Assessment ID
330573
Taxon name
Sturnus vulgaris
Linnaeus, 1758
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Sturnus vulgaris
Linnaeus, 1758
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Birds
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
aves
Order
passeriformes
Family
sturnidae
Genus
Sturnus
Species
vulgaris
Species authority
Linnaeus, 1758
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D1
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species's non-breeding population is suspected to be sufficiently large that it would not approach the thresholds for listing as Vulnerable, and so would be listed as Least Concern. However, the breeding population takes precedence here. This species colonised the UAE as a breeding species in the early 1990s, and has increased since. The population size does remain small, low enough that it would trigger a listing as Endangered. However, there is a good likelihood for a rescue effect for this population and so, after regional adjustment, it is listed here as Vulnerable under Criterion D1.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Occurrences of this species within the UAE are mainly of wintering individuals between November and February. From 1991 on, there has been a small resident population of up to 50 pairs breeding in Ras al-Khaimah Emirate (Jennings 2010). While the persistence of this population has been unclear in recent years, breeding was confirmed again in May 2019 (S. Alam (Dubai Municipality) pers. comm. 2019, R. Khan (Dubai Safari, Dubai Municipality) pers. comm. 2019). Moreover, there is evidence of a new breeding population in Dubai (Pedersen et al. 2017).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
During the non-breeding season, this species occupies a wide variety of habitats, including heavily modified areas like cultivations, garbage dumps, urban gardens, villages and palm groves (Jennings 2010). The breeding population near Hamraniyah (Ras al-Khaimah) inhabited irrigated fodder fields in close proximity to farm buildings and old Ghaf (Prosopis cineraria) trees (Jennings 2010). The species roosts in large flocks, partly together with other species, in large trees close to human settlements (Jennings 2010). It feeds in flocks on the ground. It is omnivorous, taking plant material (grains, grass, fruits and berries) as well as animals (invertebrates and small lizards), but also feeds on food waste and visits bird tables (Snow and Perrins 1998, Jennings 2010). Breeding occurs mostly between March and June. There is no information available on nests or nest sites in the UAE; elsewhere the nest is a bulky structure of dry grasses and leaves, lined with softer materials such as feathers, hair and fibres. It is typically built in a hole in a tree or building. Clutches are normally four to six eggs (Craig and Feare 2015).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
No threats are known to be affecting this species in the UAE.
History
Having initially colonised the country as a breeding species in the early 1990's, the population of this species has continued to grow. After taking into account regional adjustments, it is thought that the species would have been assessed as Endangered in 1996, whereas now it is listed as Vulnerable. It has potentially done so as a result of increasing levels of suitable habitat within the country.
Publication
Burfield, I.J., Westrip, J., Sheldon, R.D., Hermes, C., Wheatley, H., Smith, D., Harding, K.A. Allen, D.J. and Alshamsi, O. 2021. UAE National Red List of Birds. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, Dubai, United Arab Emirates