Taxon name
Cursorius cursor
(Latham, 1787)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Cursorius cursor
(Latham, 1787)
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Birds
Species authority
(Latham, 1787)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D
Criteria system used
IUCN
(see Assessment details)
Assessment rationale/justification
This species has a small breeding population in the UAE, which qualifies it for listing as Endangered. The breeding population in the wider Arabian Peninsula is likely to be in decline, so if there is immigration from outside of the UAE, it is possible that it will be decreasing. The species is therefore retained as Endangered at the national level.
Assessment details
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is an uncommon breeding resident in the arid plains of the northern half of the UAE (Jennings 2010, Pedersen et al. 2017). After the breeding season, flocks disperse widely over dry, flat country (Pedersen et al. 2017). The population is supplemented by wintering birds and migrant individuals on passage to and from the breeding grounds (Pedersen et al. 2017).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species breeds on arid, gravelly plains interspersed with sandy areas and scanty scrub vegetation, often away from water (Richardson 1990, Jennings 2010, Aspinall and Porter 2011). It avoids sand-sea desert and mountainous or rocky regions, and is only rarely seen at freshwater or saltwater margins (Jennings 2010). Outside of the breeding season, it is found on open plains in a wider variety of habitats, including short grassland, irrigated fields, cropland, cattle enclosures and rubbish sites, but also in the outskirts of towns, in parks and gardens, as well as on golf courses (Jennings 2010, Aspinall and Porter 2011). It forages on the ground or in low vegetation, occasionally digging with its bill for food items (Jennings 2010). Its diet includes invertebrates like grasshoppers, spiders, beetles, cockroaches, bugs, termites, maggots and caterpillars, but also seeds and vegetable matter (Jennings 2010). Even though it is occasionally observed drinking at pools or dripping pipes, it likely obtains most of its liquids from food. During the hottest part of the day, the species retreats to shady spots (Jennings 2010). Breeding pairs form in January and February; eggs are laid between February and April, occasionally until June. The nest consists of an unlined patch of gravel in a sandy spot. Two eggs are placed directly on the bare ground (Jennings 2010). After the breeding season, individuals congregate in large groups (Jennings 2010). During winter, a migratory population occurs in the UAE, which most likely migrates from breeding grounds in Iraq, Syria and Iran (Jennings 2010).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Desert encroachment and development is likely impacting suitable breeding habitat for the species (Aspinall 1996), while the increase in desert activities such as dune driving could negatively impact the availability and quality of its habitat (R. Sheldon;in litt. 2019). Failure of rain is also expected to exert a negative impact on the population (S. Alam in litt. 2019).;Outside of the UAE, in the wider Arabian Peninsula, hunting is considered to be a significant threat (Symes et al. 2015), but the degree of impact on the individuals that visit the UAE is uncertain.
History
The species is thought to have also;qualified as EN in 1996.
Publication
Burfield, I.J., Westrip, J., Sheldon, R.D., Hermes, C., Wheatley, H., Smith, D., Harding, K.A. Allen, D.J. and Alshamsi, O. 2021. UAE National Red List of Birds. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, Dubai, United Arab Emirates