The Spadenose Shark is common in coastal and estuarine waters, preferring muddy and sandy substrates at depths up to 80 m. It attains a maximum size of 91 cm total length (TL) and males mature at 24-36 cm TL and females at 33-35.8 cm TL (Devadoss 1979, Compagno et al. 2005, Sen et al. 2018). Breeding occurs throughout the year (Devadoss 1979) and females probably mate at least once each year. This shark is placentally viviparous, with arguably the most advanced reproductive mode of the elasmobranchs. Litter sizes range from 6-20, with a mean of 13 (Devadoss 1979). Young are born throughout the year, with size at birth around 12-15 cm TL, after a gestation period of five or six months (Compagno et al. 2005). Age and growth data are limited, but the generation length is estimated at about 3.75 years (Nair 1976, Compagno et al. 2005).

The original records of this species by A.S. Gardner were from natural sites within the zone of mixed sedimentary rocks southeast of Dibba. It was subsequently recorded growing in silt at the base of a cliff, adjacent to cultivation (Feulner 2011). It is described as a perennial species (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

This perennial grass species can reach up to 80 cm in height (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Feulner 2014, El-Keblawy et al. 2016). It has coarse, narrow leaves and flower spikelets (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Feulner 2014). This plant grows within sandy habitats according to MEW (2010), however this requires confirmation.

It is an annual herb with stems densely covered with three-forked hairs, white-pinkish flowers and hairy yellow fruits (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is presumably found in mountainous areas.

The Jumeirah specimen was found on small dunes over solidified material, next to a road. In Mushrif Park, the ""best"" plants were found in higher dunes.

This perennial grass species can grow up to 100 cm in height and forms tussocks (Jongbloed et al. 2003, El-Keblawy et al. 2016). It has spikes and spikelets with long hairs, which can reach 10 cm in length (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Within the Wadi Wurayah National Park, it has been recorded as growing within wadis and on stony or rocky slopes (Feulner 2016).

The habitat type in the UAE is not known.

This perennial species grows within compact sand substrate (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It has a woody base, can reach 3.0 m and has leaves with pointed tips, in addition to yellow flowers that are present between March and December (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The seed pods are broad and flat, beginning as green before mature to be black in colour (Jongbloed et al. 2003).

This plant is a crop wild relative of the trefoil, Lotus species (Kameswara Rao 2013). It is thought to prefer disturbed and irrigated habitats (MEW 2010).

This species grows as a small green, furry herb (Western 1991). In general, it is considered to look similar to other closely related species of the Filago genus (Feulner 2011).