NT

Vachellia flava | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This is a much branched, tall shrub or small tree (2-7 m tall), which grows in dry semi-desert areas on sandy and clay soil and on stony screes. The species is one of the most drought-tolerant among the common African acacias occurring in the rainfall belts 50-400 mm. Its distribution differs from that of Acacia seyal, as the latter is a typical Sahelian and Sudanian species occurring in rainfall belts between 400 and 800 mm, on fine-textured soils only. The species is also known to occur in many ecoregions (WWF Ecoregions), such as Sahara desert, Sahelian Acacia savanna, southwestern Arabian foothills savanna, Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert, Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands and South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert.
Taxon
Taxa
Vachellia flava | (Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the UAE, it is known from foothills of the Hajar Mountains, Al Marmoum, Jebel Hafeet, Arabian Oryx Protected Area, and Hilli. It is absent from the west of the UAE, but has been planted as a landscape tree, for example in parts of Dubai (G.R. Brown pers. comm. 2020). The estimated EOO for this species is 19,222 km<sup>2</sup>. The species is found in the northern Sahel and the southern and central Sahara, extending to eastern Africa and east to the Arabian Peninsula.
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B1ab(iii)
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
The species is an important legume species for indigenous populations (it is used to feed animals, such as goats, sheep and camels, to produce high quality honey, for charcoal, as herbal medicine etc.), it is therefore important to ensure that this species is not over-exploited in the future leading to a population decline and to a threatened category. At present, the estimated EOO for this species is 19,222 km<sup>2</sup> and it is experiencing a decline in habitat extent and quality due to over-grazing and development. However, it is anticipated to occur at more than ten locations, meaning it is assessed as Near Threatened.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
This species is over-grazed and is at threat from development. There is no known natural regeneration for this species.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
There were fewer threats in the past decades which may have meant this species was at lower risk of extinction. However, it is still likely to have been categorised as Near Threatened.
Verified entry
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Rosularia adenotricha | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Incomplete
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Feulner (2011) recorded the species in small pockets of silt and organic debris in shaded, vertical clefts or hollows in cliffs.
Taxon
Taxa
Rosularia adenotricha | (Wall. ex Edgew.) C.-A.Jansson
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, the species is known from a very small number of records from higher elevations (900-1,800 m elevation; M. Tsaliki pers. comm. 2019) in the Ru'us al-Jibal. Feulner (2011) reported a single locality in the southern Ru'us al-Jibal, but commented that it is probably overlooked elsewhere and later found a second record in the same area (G.R. Feulner, in litt, in MEW 2010). It has also been recorded from Jebel Jais at high elevation (M. Tsaliki pers. comm. 2019). The global range of this species is the eastern Himalaya and western Himalaya regions, according to Plants of the World Online (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). Ohba and Rajbhandari (2012) give the range as Nepal, western Himalaya (India, Pakistan, Afghanistan) and southwest Asia. Iran and China are cited by Flora Iranica (Rechinger 1963-2010). The species has recently been reported for Oman (Patzelt 2015).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
In the UAE, the species is known from three records from the Ru'us al-Jibal. There is no information available on population size and trend, but the species is assumed to be impacted by climate change. The area of occupancy (AOO) is inferred to be restricted, certainly very much less than 500 km<sup>2</sup>, but it is not known if the species is severely fragmented. The number of locations is restricted, defined by climate change, based on the currently known localities. The species is assessed as Near Threatened as a precaution, on the basis of the restricted EOO and AOO, and further research is required. Although the species occurs in adjacent parts of these mountains in Oman, there is no rescue effect applied.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Climate change is likely to impact the species.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
The situation for this species in 1996 is thought to be similar to the current situation.
Verified entry
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Stipagrostis foexiana | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species is a perennial grass that grows up to 0.4 m (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018). It grows in silty and sandy locations (MEW 2010).
Taxon
Taxa
Stipagrostis foexiana | (Maire & Wilczek) De Winter
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the UAE, this species is recorded from Jebel Faya and Qarn Nazwa (G.M. Brown pers. obs., G.R. Feulner pers comm. 2018, MEW 2010). Globally, this species occurs across North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B1a+2a
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
Within the UAE, this species is recorded from two desert limestone outcrops, Jebel Faya and Qarn Nazwa. No records from other parts of the UAE have been found and, although the extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) are restricted, it appears that the majority of its range occurs within protected areas. However, Qarn Naswa is subject to grazing impacts from camels and goats, and the species is assessed as Near Threatened (B1a+2a) as a result of its restricted extent of occurrence and area of occupancy, but without evidence of continuing decline.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Camels and goats graze the Qarn Nazwa area (BirdLife International 2019), however the impacts of this are not known.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
The same category and criteria is assumed. Whilst grazing intensity may have been less in 1996, it is likely to have been present.
Verified entry
Off

Lactuca dissecta | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This annual forb species can grow up to 1.5 m in height, it has rosette leaves and produces white-blue flowers between march and May (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is found growing within montane areas in gravel, in addition to fields and wadis (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Lactuca dissecta is a crop wild relative of lettuce, Lactuca sativa (Kameswara Rao 2013). In Oman, it is found in silt and gravel along wadi bottoms.
Taxon
Taxa
Lactuca dissecta | D.Don
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species has a restricted distribution in the UAE, where it is known from Wadi Ashwani and Wadi Helo in the northeast of the UAE (Jongbloed et al. 2003, El-Keblawy et al. 2016). In Ras al-Khaimah, the species has been recorded from Wadi Sfai (M. Tsaliki pers. comm. 2019). It occurs in the Ru'us al Jibal in Oman. Globally, the native range of this species spans from the Arabian Peninsula to western Asia and India (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B1a+2a; D1
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
The EOO is estimated at around 900 km<sup>2</sup>, which falls within the threshold for threatened categories. However, there is little information on threats to this species, making it difficult to estimate the number of locations or ascertain whether it is experiencing a continuing decline. As a result, this species is assessed as Near Threatened (B1a+2a; D1) due to its restricted distribution and the probability that the population size is small. No regional adjustment is made.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
There is no information available.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
The species is thought likely to have had a similarly restricted range in 1996 and to have also qualified as NT at that time.
Verified entry
Off

Crotalaria persica | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Crotalaria persica grows within low sand dunes (Jongbloed et al. 2003) and gravel habitats, in addition to wadis, around Jebel Hafeet. It is a perennial species which produces solitary, slightly red flowers between January to April (Jongbloed et al. 2003). This species is a crop wild relative of sunhemp, Crotalaria juncea (Kameswara Rao 2010).
Taxon
Taxa
Crotalaria persica | (Burm.f.) Merr.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is known from Jebel Ali (Jongbloed et al. 2003), in addition to Jebel Hafeet, Hamriyah, Sharjah, Ras al-Khaimah and Sila in the western UAE. It was also found from Wadi Siji in 2017. Crotalaria persica is known considered to have possibly been lost from Jebel Ali, in addition to subpopulations being lost due to development. In particular, a subpopulation was lost due to construction of a radio mast (G.R. Feulner pers. comm. 2019) and the occurrence in Taweela no longer exists (G. Brown pers. comm. 2019). The estimated EOO for this species is 10,500-15,000 km<sup>2 </sup>and the number of threat-based locations is considered to be close to ten, according to the threat of development. Globally, this species is found from north-east tropical Africa to Pakistan (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B1ab(iii,iv,v)
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
The extent of occurrence (EOO) of this species is estimated to be less than 10,500-15,000 km<sup>2</sup> and, although it is widely scattered throughout the UAE, the number of locations is likely to be close to ten. Crotalaria persica is known to have been lost from some areas and is therefore inferred to be declining. Development, including along the coastline, is thought to pose a threat to this species, in addition to grazing by goats. Therefore, it is assessed as Near Threatened under criterion B1.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Impacts from coastal development within this species distribution are likely to have been significant. This species is known to have been extirpated from one locality due to the construction of a radio mast (G. Feulner pers. comm. 2019). In addition, grazing by goats could present a threat within specific localities, such as Wadi Siji.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
Increasing frequency and intensity of development, both commercial and residential, since 1996 mean that it is now listed as Near Threatened rather than Least Concern.
Verified entry
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Bienertia cycloptera | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
It is an annual species which can grow up to 1.0 m (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Böer and Saenger 2006). This species has almost cylindrical leaves, a berry like fruit and small yellow flowers which can be seen between October and December (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It grows within saline sand substrate and can found in coastal sabkhas and salt marshes (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Taxon
Taxa
Bienertia cycloptera | Bunge
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the UAE, this species is known from along the Arabian Gulf coast (Jongbloed et al. 2003), including Jebel Ali. The estimated EOO of this species is 28,675 km<sup>2</sup>. Globally, the native range of this species spans from south-east European Russia to central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B1ab(iii)
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
Bienertia cycloptera occurs from the extreme west of the Arabian Gulf coast, almost to the most northern point of this coastline. Its estimated EOO is 28,675 km<sup>2</sup> and it is considered to be severely fragmented due to the widely scattered localities in which it occurs. Within its range, it is threatened by development of coastal regions which is causing a continuing decline in the extent and quality of available habitat for this species. Therefore, it is currently assessed as Near Threatened.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
This species is threatened by the ongoing coastal development occurring the Arabian Gulf coast where it is found.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
Coastal development within the UAE has been increasing in frequency and intensity since 1996, reducing the extent and quality of available habitat for this species.
Verified entry
Off

Jurinea carduiformis | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The species is occasional in wet years from c.1,100-1,800 m, generally on stony plateaus, but impacts from grazing are inferred from presence of multiple scattered plants in fenced field at 1,550 m (Feulner 2011). The species is typically prostrate, but may grow as a stalked plant after good rain and/or within protective vegetation (Feulner 2011).
Taxon
Taxa
Jurinea carduiformis | (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, the species is recorded from the Ru'us al-Jibal from c.1,100 to c.1,800 m elevation (Feulner 2011). Globally, the native range of this species spans from northeastern Iraq to central Asia and Pakistan (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B1b(iii)
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
In the UAE, the species is recorded from the Ru'us al-Jibal from c.1,100 to c. 1,800 m elevation (Feulner 2011). This species occurs within a restricted range in the UAE: the estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) is approximately 546 km<sup>2</sup>. The area of occupancy (AOO) is likely to be similarly restricted. In addition, it is only found at high altitudes within this area and is considered to generally be rare. This species' habitat is experiencing ongoing decline due to development and grazing, however, the number of threat-based locations is unclear. Therefore, it is assessed as Near Threatened as a precaution, based on its restricted distribution and habitat availability in order to highlight threats or declines to this species. No regional adjustment is made to the assessment.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Grazing (by livestock, wild animals, and feral animals) is a threat, as well as developmental expansion.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
The species is thought likely to have had a similarly restricted distribution in 1996.
Verified entry
Off

Glossonema varians | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This is a perennial or annual succulent that grows up to 35 cm (Western 1992, Jongbloed et al. 2003). It produces purple flowers between February and May, in addition to characteristic pickle-shaped fruit, and grows among rocks, gravel plains, wadis and mountains (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Feulner 2016). When the plant is damaged, it secretes milky sap (latex) which is characteristic of Asciepiadaceae species (Western 1992). The species is considered to be a xerohalophyte i.e. a salt-tolerant desert species (Böer and Saenger 2006).
Taxon
Taxa
Glossonema varians | (Stocks) Benth. ex Hook.f.
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, this species occurs in the Hajar Mountains (Jongbloed et al. 2003), the Ru'us al-Jibal mountains, the Wadi Wurayah National Park, and in the Olive Highlands (Feulner 2011, 2016). It has been recorded at altitudes up to 1,900 m (Feulner 2011). The estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) of this species is 5,714 km<sup>2</sup>. Individual records include the upper parts of Wadi Sfai (M. Tsaliki pers. comm. 2019). It has also been recorded from Jebel Hafeet and from the Al Ain area. Globally, this species occurs in the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan and India (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
D1
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This species is considered to be rare within its range and is often grazed to the point of visibly stunted growth. This may pose a significant threat to the species, however the full extent of this is still unclear. Although the species occurs in a National Park, it is important to draw attention to this potentially threatened and rare species. As a result, it is cautiously assessed as Vulnerable (D1) as a result of the small number of mature individuals, which is suspected to be close to or less than 1,000, but no reliable count has been made. It also has a restricted distribution (estimated EOO: 6,378 km<sup>2</sup>). The species occurs in adjacent parts of Oman and the seed is wind-dispersed, therefore the assessment is revised down by one category to Near Threatened.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
This species is may be difficult to identify as the plant is often grazed to the point of a very stunted growth form (Western 1992) and fruits are consumed by people.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
The situation is not thought to have changed for this species since 1996.
Verified entry
Off

Jurinea berardioidea | UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species is a perennial which grows in the form of a stemless leaf rosette, reaching up to 0.15 m in diameter (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It flowers between February and May and typically grows among rocks, but also in abandoned fields (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Taxon
Taxa
Jurinea berardioidea | Diels
Taxonomic Group
Plants
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Flowering Plants
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs in the Ru'us al-Jibal Mountains in the UAE, typically above 800-900 m altitude (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Feulner 2011). The estimated EOO of this species is approximately 200 km<sup>2</sup>. Globally, this species occurs in the Middle East and Central Asia (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
D1
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This species occurs within a very restricted range in the UAE: the estimated Extent of Occurrence (EOO) is approximately 200 km<sup>2</sup>. The area of occupancy (AOO) is likely to be similarly restricted. In addition, it is only found at higher altitudes within this area and is considered to generally be rare, and subpopulations are small, perhaps with 20-30 individuals in a subpopulation. As such, any potential threats to this species could cause it to become threatened within a short space of time. The species is cautiously assessed as Near Threatened based on a presumed restricted population size and habitat availability in order to highlight threats or declines to this species.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Developmental expansion might impact the species in parts of its range.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Further information
History
Whilst there are developmental threats in parts of the Ru'us al-Jibal that would not have been significantly present in 1996, these threats are generally at lower altitudes and are not significant. The species is thought have a similarly restricted population in 1996 and to have also qualified as NT at that time.
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Acanthodactylus boskianus ssp. asper | UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles

Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
No
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The subspecies is found on hard desert surfaces such as sandy-gravel plains, dry wadis, interdunal plain and stony outwash plains (Gardner 2013).It is an active, diurnal ground-dwelling animal, with a diet that includes invertebrates and smaller lizards (Gardner 2013). In winter it is active throughout the day, but in summer may have a bimodal activity pattern, or even be active in mornings only when particularly hot. Clutch size is reported to be two to eight, and repeated clutches may be laid (Gardner 2013). The breeding season in the United Arab Emirates is observed to be from at least late summer through mid-winter (Roobas and Feulner 2013, Roobas et al. 2014).
Taxon
Taxa
Acanthodactylus boskianus ssp. asper | (Audouin, 1829)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Reptiles
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, this subspecies is known from a small area on gravel plains bordering the western side of the Hajar Mountains (Roobas and Feulner 2013, Roobas et al. 2014) from 100 m to 300 m asl (Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). The AOO is just 24 km<sup>2</sup>, and the EOO is 195 km<sup>2</sup>.Globally, the subspecies is very widely distributed and known from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Jordan, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Mali, Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Chad, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Kuwait (Tamar et al. 2014, 2016).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Near Threatened
Assessment status abreviation
NT
Assessment status criteria
B1a+2a
About the assessment
Assessment year
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This subspecies is listed as Near Threatened for the UAE. It has a very limited distribution within the United Arab Emirates on gravel plains bordering the Hajar Mountains on the west from 100 m to 300 m asl. The area of occupancy (AOO) is just 24 km<sup>2</sup>, and the extent of occurrence (EOO) is 195 km<sup>2</sup>. There are no current major threats to the species, however, one known locality is subject to intensive recreational use, and another area faces significant potential impacts from gravel extraction. The species has restricted AOO and EOO, and occurs in fewer than ten locations, however at present, no continuing decline is known. It qualifies as NT under Criterion B (B1 and B2). This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations from Oman is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012). Further monitoring and research are required, and the species should be reassessed if new data become available.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
There are at present no major threats known, however, there is quarrying (gravel extraction) near one known locality, and this has the potential to significantly impact the species in the future. A further locality is subject to intensive recreational use.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

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