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VU

Assessment ID
263609
Taxon name
Phataginus tricuspis
Rafinesque, 1821
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Phataginus tricuspis
Rafinesque, 1821
Common name(s)
Tree Pangolin, White-bellied Pangolin
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
pholidota
Family
manidae
Genus
Phataginus
Species
tricuspis
Species authority
Rafinesque, 1821
Taxonomic notes and synonyms listed
Manis
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
A2d
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Species may occur in other forest reserves of Uganda. Regardless of this, it is targeted for bushmeat and international trade in animal parts and declining rapidly
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Queen Elizabeth National Park, Mabira Forest Reserve, Budongo Forest Reserve, Kibale National Park
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Forest and woodland
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Hunting for bush meat and trade in parts
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263600
Taxon name
Paracrocidura maxima
Heim de Balsac, 1959
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Paracrocidura maxima
Heim de Balsac, 1959
Common name(s)
East African Montane Shrew, Greater Large-headed Shrew
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
insectivora
Family
soricidae
Genus
Paracrocidura
Species
maxima
Species authority
Heim de Balsac, 1959
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
B2ab(i,ii)
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
AOO 1317km2. Rare throughout range and declining due to habitat loss. Uganda forests likely to be best protected of range.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Yes
Endemism Notes
Endemism Notes
Albertine Rift Endemic
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Rwenzori Mt National Park
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Montane tropical moist forest
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Believed to be declining due to habitat degradation
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263598
Taxon name
Panthera pardus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Panthera pardus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Common name(s)
Leopard
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
carnivora
Family
felidae
Genus
Panthera
Species
pardus
Species authority
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
C1+2(i)
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
May need careful examination; although widely occuring, numbers and observations are scarce. Increased reports on leopard incidences with local community (inferred due to both increasing population in AOO and decreasing natural habitat and prey species in AOO). Population size in any Park presumed less than 200, occurence outside PAs presumed to be very rare. Inferred maximum population size less than 10,000, but may be less than 2500, therefore requires study nationally. Have been completely extirpated from Kibale and Bwindi (D.R Mills). Causes unknown and needs urgent assessment as may also have occured elsewhere and would point to very significant persecution.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
WIDE SPREAD throughout Uganda
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Savannah & Forest
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Human-wildlife conflict, hunting, habitat loss,
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263594
Taxon name
Otomys typus
Heuglin, 1877
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Otomys typus
Heuglin, 1877
Common name(s)
Northern Groove-toothed Rat
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
rodentia
Family
cricetidae
Genus
Otomys
Species
typus
Species authority
Heuglin, 1877
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D2
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Species known from only two localities
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Rwenzori Mt National Park, Mt Elgon National Park
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Montane grasslands and alpine heath
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Possible loss of habitat extent and/or quality, burning, grazing, trampling (tourism)
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263590
Taxon name
Otomops martiensseni
(Matschie, 1897)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Otomops martiensseni
(Matschie, 1897)
Common name(s)
Martienssen's Free-tailed Bat, Large-eared Free-tailed Bat
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
microchiroptera
Family
molossidae
Genus
Otomops
Species
martiensseni
Species authority
(Matschie, 1897)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
B2ab(iii)
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Significant decline globally especially East Africa. Cave and cavity roosting bats concentrate in large numbers, specialized roosting makes them vulnerable. No recent records available so presume decline despite no obvious threats in Parks. AOO 791km but very rare so would warrant higher status
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (Ruhija), Budongo Forest Reserve
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Wide range of habitats from montane tropical to semi-arid roosting in caves and hollows
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Roost disruption and disturbance
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263587
Taxon name
Oreotragus oreotragus
(Zimmerman, 1783)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Oreotragus oreotragus
(Zimmerman, 1783)
Common name(s)
Klipspringer
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
artiodactyla
Family
bovidae
Genus
Oreotragus
Species
oreotragus
Species authority
(Zimmerman, 1783)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
B2ab(iii)
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Species known from only two localities in the country and no data on numbers is available, particularly in KVNP where it is rarely observed
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Lake Mburo National Park,Karamoja Sub-region, including Kidepo Valley National Park
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Rocky and mountainous terrain
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Bushmeat hunting, competition with cattle
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263558
Taxon name
Mops midas
(Sundevall, 1843)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Mops midas
(Sundevall, 1843)
Common name(s)
Midas' Giant Free-tailed Bat, Midas Mops Bat
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
microchiroptera
Family
molossidae
Genus
Mops
Species
midas
Species authority
(Sundevall, 1843)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D2
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Only two localities in the literature. Rare throughout range. No recent records are available.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Budongo Forest Reserve, Wakiso District (Buddo)
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
open aerial species of woodland and lowland savanna, prefers roosting in total darkness in tree hollows or rock crevices
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Known to be hunted and persecuted through range
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263557
Taxon name
Mops demonstrator
(Thomas, 1903)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Mops demonstrator
(Thomas, 1903)
Common name(s)
Mongalla Free-tailed Bat, Mongalia Mops Bat
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
microchiroptera
Family
molossidae
Genus
Mops
Species
demonstrator
Species authority
(Thomas, 1903)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D2
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Only rarely recorded throughout range and found singly or in very small groups of up to 12 individuals. Wambabya Forest almost entirely degraded. Numbers expected to be very low.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Gulu District, Moyo District, Wambabya Forest Reserve
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Open and dry savanna and Saharan grasslands. May roost in fissures and cracks of tree trunks (including Vitex doniana [Freeman 1981]) and large branches of savanna trees.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Roost site destruction, fire management
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263554
Taxon name
Mops brachypterus
(Peters, 1852)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Mops brachypterus
(Peters, 1852)
Common name(s)
Peter's Free-tailed Bat, Sierra Leone Mops Bat
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
microchiroptera
Family
molossidae
Genus
Mops
Species
brachypterus
Species authority
(Peters, 1852)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
B2ab(iii); D2
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Tree, Cave and cavity roosting bats concentrate in large numbers, specialized roosting makes vulnerable. Only known from the few localities based on the literature, No recent records for occurrence of the species to permit more accurate assessment. AOO of forest habitat nominally 745km2 but due to destruction/clearance of forest on Bugala Island is much less
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
No
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Budongo Forest Reserve, Bugala Islands
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Tropical lowland forest, roosting in trees, buildings, caves, etc
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Disturbance of roosts and fumigation, habitat destruction on Bugala Island
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).
Assessment ID
263548
Taxon name
Micropotamogale ruwenzorii
de Witte and Frechkop, 1955
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Micropotamogale ruwenzorii
de Witte and Frechkop, 1955
Common name(s)
Ruwenzori Otter Shrew
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Mammals
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
mammalia
Order
insectivora
Family
tenrecidae
Genus
Micropotamogale
Species
ruwenzorii
Species authority
de Witte and Frechkop, 1955
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
Uganda
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
Uganda
Country ISO code(s)
UGA
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
D2
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Only found Lake Kivu, Rwenzori Mt and west of Lake Edward (DRC). No certain record, directed research needed to confirm occurrence
Assessment details
Year assessed
2016
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
Dr Robert Kityo; Sarah Prinsloo; Sam Ayebare; Dr Andrew Plumptre; Aggrey Rwetsiba; Waswa Sadic; Solomon Sebuliba; Herbert Tushabe
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Yes
Endemism Notes
Endemism Notes
Albertine Rift Endemic
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Rwenzori Mt National Park
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not_assigned
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Streams in rainforest zone 800-900 m, montane forest up to 2,200 m or gallery forest surrounded by secondary savanna (elephant grass) 1,000-1,200 m. Digs tunnels and constructs hay or grass sleeping chambers within them.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Susceptible fish traps, loss of habitat - tends to disappear with human presence
Publication
Behangana, M., Prinsloo, S., Plumptre, A., Tushabe, H., Ayebare, S., Sekisambu, R. and Conslate, A. 2016. Nationally Threatened Species for Uganda. WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society).