This migratory, marine and brackish water species inhabits coral reefs and continental margins. It is often found solitary or in small groups (Allen et al. 2013, Mohanty et al. 2015). It is suspected that juveniles can occur in the lower reaches of freshwater streams and in brackish mangrove estuaries. Its maximum standard length is 29.6 cm (Kondamudi et al. 2017).

This speciescan attain sizes of 25-“30 cm (Iwatsuki 2013) and presumably inhabits coastal waters.

This species schools in more shallow waters than Acanthopagrus sheim, usually less than 50 m depth (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013). It occurs in estuaries and lower reaches of rivers as well as other nearshore coastal habitats (Esmaeili et al. 2014). Its diet consists mainly of echinoderms, worms, crustaceans, and mollusks. Typically, this species does not grow larger than 35 cm total length (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013). It conducts seasonal migrations in coastal waters (Doustdar et al. 2019).

This species inhabits bays and turbid inner lagoons near prominent current-swept lagoon and seaward reefs. It is nocturnally active, but forms relatively large schools during the day (Lieske and Myers 1994). Its diet consists mainly of fishes (Carpenter et al. 1997b). The maximum total length is 87 cm, commonly to 60 cm (Senou 2001).

This species inhabits bays, estuaries and turbid inner lagoons (Senou 2001). It is diurnal and observed singly, while young are often observed in small schools, usually at the edges of reefs and over shallow banks (Rose 1984). The maximum total length is 125 cm, commonly to 80 cm.

This species forms small schools in shallow coastal waters around rock and coral reefs and in brackish lagoons, but it is not considered a coral reef species (Woodland 1984, 2001). It also occurs on hard-bottom structures (E. Abdulqader pers. comm. 2014). It feeds on bottom-growing algae and seaweeds (Woodland 1984, Carpenter et al. 1997a) and attains a maximum size of 55 cm total length, but is more commonly seen to 30 cm (Woodland 2001).

This species schools in shallow, coastal waters to 40 m depth (Woodland 1984). It usually observed on rocky and sandy seaweed bottoms (Carpenter et al. 1997a), in and around the mouths of rivers in turbulent waters (Woodland 2001), and on hard-bottom structures (E. Abdulqader pers. comm. 2014). School size decreases with age, and juveniles often occur in very large schools in shallow bays and coral reef flats. This species feeds by scraping algae from rocks and corals, and to a lesser extent on seagrasses (Woodland 1984, 2001). The maximum total length is 30 cm (Randall 1995). Spawning appears to be synchronized with the lunar cycle and it is a multiple spawner (Hoque et al. 1999). Longevity is estimated as 7.8 years off UAE and mean size and age at first sexual maturity are 21.5 cm fork length and 1.9 years for males and 25.7 cm and 2.1 years for females (Grandcourt et al. 2007). When applying an age at first reproduction of 2 years and longevity of 8 years, its estimated generation length is 5 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.

This species inhabits coastal rocky and coral reefs (Carpenter et al. 1997). Juveniles also inhabit mangrove areas (Shahraki and Fry 2016). Its maximum total length is 83 cm.

This speciesinhabits shallow, coastal coral reefs and isolated coral heads of lagoons. It forms schools around isolated patch reefs. Juveniles generally occur in weedy areas (Smith and McKay 1986, Baillon and Kulbicki 1988, Wantiez and Kulbicki 1995). This species also occurs over mud, sand and silt bottoms in protected bays or estuaries, around outcrops, wreckage and debris (Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001, Allen and Erdmann 2012). It primarily consumes benthic invertebrates and fish (McKay 1984). The maximum fork length is 100 cm (Torres 1991). This species spawns between April to May and November in the southern Arabian Gulf (Grandcourt et al. 2006, 2011). Natural mortality was estimated at 0.13 year^-1 (Grandcourt et al. 2006). Estimated mean female fork length and age at first sexual maturity is 35.7 cm and 2.9 years for females and 26.7 cm and 0.5 years for males and longevity is about 11 years (Grandcourt et al. 2011). When applying an age at first reproduction of 3 years and longevity of 11 years, its estimated generation length is 7 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.

This species inhabits shallow waters over sandy bottoms, from coral reefs to seagrasses and brackish waters (Sommer et al. 1996). Adults are most often found in clear coastal waters, and juveniles are often observed in estuaries or lagoons influenced by freshwater (Iwatsuki et al. 2001). The species occurs singly or in groups and consumes small benthic invertebrates (Lieske and Myers 1994, Iwatsuki et al. 2001). Its maximum total length is 44.5 cm (Randall 1995, Allen and Erdmann 2012) and longevity is 9 years (Hashim and Salamah 1985). This species grows quickly. Off the UAE, the mean size and age at first sexual maturity is 16.3 cm and 1.1 years for males and 20.6 cm and 1.5 years for females (Grandcourt et al. 2006). In a study conducted in the Gulf off Saudi Arabia, size at first sexual maturity was 19.1 and 19.8 cm total length for females and males, and spawning occurred in late spring-early summer (Hosny and Al-Jaber 2017). When applying an age at first reproduction of 1.5 years and longevity of 9 years, its estimated generation length is 5.25 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.