This herb species grows in fallow fields and hillsides within montane areas (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009, MEW 2010). It has an annual life cycle, grows up to 0.2 m in height and produces yellow stalks between February and April (Jongbloed et al. 2003).

Hippocrepis constricta grows in sand and gravel plains in addition to hillsides at low altitudes (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is an annual herb species which can grow up to 30 cm in height and produces pale yellow/white flowers between February and April (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Mahmoud et al. 2018).

This herb species grows in sand and gravel environments, such as sandy deserts and lower montane habitats (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It has an annual life cycle and produces groups of bright yellow flowers between February and May (Jongbloed et al. 2003).

This perennial shrub species is found growing in gravel plains and sand dunes (El Aqamy 2004, Fawzi and Ksiksi 2012, Mahmoud et al. 2018). Within the Wadi Wurayah National Park, it is generally found growing on gentle wadi banks (Feulner 2016). The plant grows to between 90-100 cm in height and flowers between February and April (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Karim and Dakheel 2006). It is a moderately salt-tolerant species (Karim and Dakheel 2006). Crotalaria aegyptiaca is a crop wild relative of sunhemp, Crotalaria juncea (Kameswara Rao 2010).

This annual herb species grows within compacted sand (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It has prostrate stems that reach lengths of up to 30 cm, lance-shaped leaves, white flower clusters between February and April and star-shaped, hairy seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The plant is covered in white, woolly hairs (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is a crop wild relative of milkvetch, Astragalus species (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This annual herb species has leaflets with pointed tips, blue flowers and hairy seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009). It is considered to be an important contributor to biomass within sand dune and stabilised sand environments (Ghazanfar and Fisher 1998). This species is a crop wild relative of Astragalus species including the milkvetch (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This annual herb species grows within compact sand environments, such as in between inland sand dunes (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Sakkir and Brown 2014, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It can grow up to 25 cm in height, has long stalked leaves, pale yellow and cream flowers which are present between February to April, in addition to curved, hairy seed pods (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The entire plant is also covered in white hairs (Jongbloed et al. 2003). This species is a crop wild relative of milkvetch, Astragalus species (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This annual herb species can reach up to 30 cm in height (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Norton et al. 2009). It has notched leaflets on long stalks, pink/cream flowers between February and April and curved seed pods with a hooked tip (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is recorded as growing in cultivated fields and within damp habitats, in addition to gravel wadis and low to medium elevation mountain slopes (Jongbloed et al. 2003, MEW 2010). This plant is a crop wild relative of the cicer milkvetch, Astragalus species (Kameswara Rao 2013).

This perennial species grows as a shrublet in sand substrates and gravel wadis (Faswzi and Ksiksi 2012, Feulner 2016, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It has a woody base, can reach up to 100 cm in height and has oval leaves in addition to yellow flowers which are present throughout the year, but more often following rain and spring (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The seed pod is broad and flat, beginning as green before maturing to be black in colour (Jongbloed et al. 2003).

The species is found on gravel and sand plains, wadi banks, mountain slopes and mountain plains up to medium elevations (Jongbloed et al. 2003). G.R Feulner (in litt, MEW 2010) considered the primary habitats to be gravel plains and foothills. It generally grows as a tree up to 4-6(-12) m, with a single stem or several branching stems (Jongbloed et al. 2003), although it can grow to 21 m in height in parts of its range (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). Vachellia tortilis flowers from spring until early summer (April to June; DDCR 2019). The species occurs to c. 1,350 m asl in the Ru'us al-Jibal, however it is considered uncommon above 800 m except in association with cultivation (Feulner 2011).