This pelagic, reef-associated species occurs in tropical waters between 10 to 70 m depth (Pauly et al. 1996, FAO-FIGIS 2005). It forms schools in coastal inshore waters, including estuaries and mangrove areas (Sousa and Dias 1981, Fischer et al. 1990, Shahraki et al. 2016). Its diet mainly consists of crustaceans and phytoplankton (Lazarus 1977). Its maximum standard length is 17 cm (Whitehead 1985) and the maximum reported age is 7 years (Sanders and Morgan 1989). The average size at first maturity has been reported as 13.7 cm (Bennet et al. 1992).

This coastal, pelagic species occurs in tropical marine waters. Its maximum standard length is 15.2 cm (Nelson and McCarthy 1995).

This pelagic, coastal species forms schools in subtropical marine waters. Its maximum standard length is 8 cm (Whitehead 1985).

This anadromous, pelagic-neritic species occurs in fresh to marine waters in tropical waters (Whitehead 1985, Riede 2004). It usually occurs in coastal marine waters, but occasionally ascends rivers to the inland limit of tidal influence (Rainboth 1996) and in mangrove areas (Amir et al. 2018). It feeds on diatoms, radiolarians, molluscs, copepods, and crustaceans (Whitehead 1985). Its maximum standard length is 22 cm (Randall 2005), with a common standard length of 14 cm (Whitehead and Wongratana 1984).

This semi-pelagic, demersal species schools in nearshore waters from 20-250 m depth, but mostly shallower than 100 m (Mehanna et al. 2013). It reportedly does not occur in water temperatures below 20'°C or with oxygen saturation lower than 30% (Smith-Vaniz 1984). The maximum total length is 38.6 cm (Mehanna et al. 2013). Sexual maturity is attained during the first year at approximately 11 cm total length (Smith-Vaniz 1984). In Omani waters, total length at sexual maturity was about 16.3 cm for males and 17.4 cm for females (Mehanna et al. 2013). This species spawns in the Sea of Oman from August to November, with a peak in September and October (Thangaraja and Al-Aisry 2011, Mehanna et al. 2013). Longevity is at least seven years and natural mortality is estimated as 0.37 (Sabrah 2015). Its estimated generation length is 3.5 years.

This pelagic species inhabits shallow, coastal waters. The maximum total length is 90 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1999).

This species inhabits shallow, coastal waters over coral and rocky reefs, andis occasionally observed in small schools (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995). Its diet consists of crabs, mussels and worms (Smith-Vaniz 1999). The maximum total length is 65 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).

This coastal species is often found near the surface waters of lagoon and seaward reefs (Randall 1995, Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001, Allen and Erdmann 2012), and in surge zones along sandy beaches (Smith-Vaniz 1999). It is usually observed in small aggregations and its diet consists mainly of crustaceans and worms (Randall 1995, Smith-Vaniz 1999). The maximum total length is 53 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).

Thisis a non-schooling carangid thatoccurs primarily on offshore reefs over the continental shelf on rocky bottoms. Juveniles are sometimes associated with weed rafts, while adults are observed near large planktivores (Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001). The diet consists of demersal fish, cephalopods and prawns. The maximum total length is 110 cm (Ghosh et al. 2009).

This inshore, pelagic species forms large schools over soft bottom habitats, generally at less than 50 m in depth (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995, Allen and Erdmann 2012). This species will occasionally move into freshwater such as the tidal zone in the Mekong Delta (Rainboth 1996). The maximum total length is 24 cm (Allen and Erdmann 2012). Femalesattain sexual maturity at about 11 to 12 cm fork length (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995). Males attain maturity earlier than females (Tandon 1960) with size at first maturity between 8.8 and 10.1 cm. Spawning off India has been observed in October and July (Kasim 2003).