This species schools in more shallow waters than Acanthopagrus sheim, usually less than 50 m depth (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013). It occurs in estuaries and lower reaches of rivers as well as other nearshore coastal habitats (Esmaeili et al. 2014). Its diet consists mainly of echinoderms, worms, crustaceans, and mollusks. Typically, this species does not grow larger than 35 cm total length (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013). It conducts seasonal migrations in coastal waters (Doustdar et al. 2019).

This species inhabits bays and turbid inner lagoons near prominent current-swept lagoon and seaward reefs. It is nocturnally active, but forms relatively large schools during the day (Lieske and Myers 1994). Its diet consists mainly of fishes (Carpenter et al. 1997b). The maximum total length is 87 cm, commonly to 60 cm (Senou 2001).

This species inhabits coastal rocky and coral reefs (Carpenter et al. 1997). Juveniles also inhabit mangrove areas (Shahraki and Fry 2016). Its maximum total length is 83 cm.

This species inhabits shallow waters over sandy bottoms, from coral reefs to seagrasses and brackish waters (Sommer et al. 1996). Adults are most often found in clear coastal waters, and juveniles are often observed in estuaries or lagoons influenced by freshwater (Iwatsuki et al. 2001). The species occurs singly or in groups and consumes small benthic invertebrates (Lieske and Myers 1994, Iwatsuki et al. 2001). Its maximum total length is 44.5 cm (Randall 1995, Allen and Erdmann 2012) and longevity is 9 years (Hashim and Salamah 1985). This species grows quickly. Off the UAE, the mean size and age at first sexual maturity is 16.3 cm and 1.1 years for males and 20.6 cm and 1.5 years for females (Grandcourt et al. 2006). In a study conducted in the Gulf off Saudi Arabia, size at first sexual maturity was 19.1 and 19.8 cm total length for females and males, and spawning occurred in late spring-early summer (Hosny and Al-Jaber 2017). When applying an age at first reproduction of 1.5 years and longevity of 9 years, its estimated generation length is 5.25 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.

This species forms small, demersal schools over the continental shelf (Paxton et al. 1989). The diet consists of epibenthic crustaceans and cephalopods (Myers 1999). The maximum fork length is 28 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).

This species schools in inshore coral and rocky reefs (Grandcourt et al. 2004). It feeds on nekton, crustaceans and finfish (Blaber et al. 1990, Masuda and Allen 1993). The estimated total length at first maturity for females is 24.7 cm and it spawns between May and September, with main spawning activity during June and September (Grandcourt et al. 2004). The maximum fork lengthis 55 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).

This pelagic-neritic species schools in coastal tropical waters to a depth of 50 m. It is also known to enter rivers in southern Iran (Coad 2017). Its maximum standard length is 17 cm, but is more common to 14 cm (Whitehead 1985). Off Qeshm Island, Iran, the maximum age is 3.5 years. Thisis a fast-growing species with a short life span (Dehghani et al. 2015).

This pelagic, coastal species occurs in tropical marine waters. Its maximum standard length is 11.6 cm (Nelson and McCarthy 1995).

This pelagic species forms large schools in continental shelf waters over soft bottom (Smith-Vaniz 1999, Carpenter et al. 1997b). Itgenerally occurs near the bottom during the day and swims to the surface at night to feed on zooplankton (Smith-Vaniz 1984). Its maximum total length is 55 cm, but commonly occurs to 30 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1999). In the Gulf, females spawn about every three days during season (Dadzie and Abou-Seedo 2008).Standard length at first sexual maturity is 15 cm for males and 20 cm for females (Dadzie et al. 2008). Dadzie et al. (2007) estimated natural mortality as 0.68. It has been aged to at least 6 years in Iranian waters of the Sea of Oman (Yadollahvand and Rahnama 2014)

This pelagic species occurs inshore and over rocky reefs, deep lagoons and seaward reefs (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Mundy 2005). Juveniles often occurs in estuaries (Mundy 2005). Both juveniles and adult are occasionally seen over sandy areas where they root for crustaceans, molluscs and small fish (Carpenter et al. 1997b). Small juveniles may live among the tentacles of jellyfish (Lieske and Myers 1994). The mean total length at first maturity for females in the Gulf is 32.5 cm. This speciesspawns during April and May (Grandcourt et al. 2004). Spawning occurs during the Spring season in UAE waters and the mean fork length at first maturity is about 34.5 cm with an age at first maturity of 1.43 years and an estimated longevity of 11 years (Farrag et al. 2019). When applying an age at first reproduction of 1.43 years and longevity of 11 years, its estimated generation length is 6.2 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2. The maximum total length is 120 cm (Randall 1995).