This pelagic species usually schools in inshore waters. It feeds mainly on crustaceans and has a maximum standard length of 7 cm (Whitehead 1985, Pillai et al. 1986). This species is short-lived (4-8 months) and spawns at 2-4 months of age (Milton et al. 1995).

This pelagic species inhabits shallow inshore tropical waters, including seagrass habitats. It reaches maturity at five months, spawns continuously and has a maximum longevity of one year (Lewis 1989, Milton et al. 1994, De Troch et al. 1998, Allen and Erdmann 2012). Its maximum total length is 15.6 cm (BFAR NSAP 2015).

This demersal species forms schools over coral reefs (Carpenter et al. 1997a). Juveniles also occur in seagrass beds (Gell and Whittington 2002). It primarily consumes small fish and crustaceans (Tharwat and Al-Gaber 2006). The maximum total length is 50 cm (McKay 1984). A spawning aggregation has been observed at an inshore reef off Qit'at Uraifjan, Kuwait (Carpenter et al. 1997a). A study conducted off the coast of Emirate of Abu Dhabi in the UAE, determined the mean age and size at sexual maturity for males and females was 3 years and 28 cm and 4 years and 29 cm, respectively, and the maximum age was 21 years (Grandcourt et al. 2010). When applying an age at first reproduction of 4 years and longevity of 21 years, its estimated generation length is 12.5 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.

This species schools in more shallow waters than Acanthopagrus sheim, usually less than 50 m depth (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013). It occurs in estuaries and lower reaches of rivers as well as other nearshore coastal habitats (Esmaeili et al. 2014). Its diet consists mainly of echinoderms, worms, crustaceans, and mollusks. Typically, this species does not grow larger than 35 cm total length (Y. Iwatsuki pers. comm. 2013). It conducts seasonal migrations in coastal waters (Doustdar et al. 2019).

This species inhabits bays and turbid inner lagoons near prominent current-swept lagoon and seaward reefs. It is nocturnally active, but forms relatively large schools during the day (Lieske and Myers 1994). Its diet consists mainly of fishes (Carpenter et al. 1997b). The maximum total length is 87 cm, commonly to 60 cm (Senou 2001).

This species inhabits coastal rocky and coral reefs (Carpenter et al. 1997). Juveniles also inhabit mangrove areas (Shahraki and Fry 2016). Its maximum total length is 83 cm.

This species inhabits shallow waters over sandy bottoms, from coral reefs to seagrasses and brackish waters (Sommer et al. 1996). Adults are most often found in clear coastal waters, and juveniles are often observed in estuaries or lagoons influenced by freshwater (Iwatsuki et al. 2001). The species occurs singly or in groups and consumes small benthic invertebrates (Lieske and Myers 1994, Iwatsuki et al. 2001). Its maximum total length is 44.5 cm (Randall 1995, Allen and Erdmann 2012) and longevity is 9 years (Hashim and Salamah 1985). This species grows quickly. Off the UAE, the mean size and age at first sexual maturity is 16.3 cm and 1.1 years for males and 20.6 cm and 1.5 years for females (Grandcourt et al. 2006). In a study conducted in the Gulf off Saudi Arabia, size at first sexual maturity was 19.1 and 19.8 cm total length for females and males, and spawning occurred in late spring-early summer (Hosny and Al-Jaber 2017). When applying an age at first reproduction of 1.5 years and longevity of 9 years, its estimated generation length is 5.25 years based on the following equation recommended by the IUCN Red List methods: Age at first reproduction + (Age at last reproduction -“ age at first reproduction)/2.

This species forms small, demersal schools over the continental shelf (Paxton et al. 1989). The diet consists of epibenthic crustaceans and cephalopods (Myers 1999). The maximum fork length is 28 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).

This species schools in inshore coral and rocky reefs (Grandcourt et al. 2004). It feeds on nekton, crustaceans and finfish (Blaber et al. 1990, Masuda and Allen 1993). The estimated total length at first maturity for females is 24.7 cm and it spawns between May and September, with main spawning activity during June and September (Grandcourt et al. 2004). The maximum fork lengthis 55 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).

This pelagic-neritic species schools in coastal tropical waters to a depth of 50 m. It is also known to enter rivers in southern Iran (Coad 2017). Its maximum standard length is 17 cm, but is more common to 14 cm (Whitehead 1985). Off Qeshm Island, Iran, the maximum age is 3.5 years. Thisis a fast-growing species with a short life span (Dehghani et al. 2015).