United Arab Emirates

Official name
United Arab Emirates
ISO alpha-2 code
AE
ISO alpha-3 code
ARE
ISO numeric-3 code
784
Continent
Asia

Trachurus indicus | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This semi-pelagic, demersal species schools in nearshore waters from 20-250 m depth, but mostly shallower than 100 m (Mehanna et al. 2013). It reportedly does not occur in water temperatures below 20'°C or with oxygen saturation lower than 30% (Smith-Vaniz 1984). The maximum total length is 38.6 cm (Mehanna et al. 2013). Sexual maturity is attained during the first year at approximately 11 cm total length (Smith-Vaniz 1984). In Omani waters, total length at sexual maturity was about 16.3 cm for males and 17.4 cm for females (Mehanna et al. 2013). This species spawns in the Sea of Oman from August to November, with a peak in September and October (Thangaraja and Al-Aisry 2011, Mehanna et al. 2013). Longevity is at least seven years and natural mortality is estimated as 0.37 (Sabrah 2015). Its estimated generation length is 3.5 years.
Taxon
Taxa
Trachurus indicus | Nekrasov, 1966
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is distributed in the Western Indian Ocean from the Red Sea, Somalia to the Arabian Gulf to Pakistan and south to the Saya de Malha Bank (Smith-Vaniz 1984). Its depth range is 20 to 250 metres (Mehanna et al. 2013).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This inshore, pelagic species occurs throughout UAE waters. Fishing activity is not expected to be causing population declines approaching a Near Threatened or threatened level at this time. There are no known major threats; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines approaching a Near Threatened or threatened level in the UAE or immediately surrounding area at this time.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Trachinotus mookalee | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This pelagic species inhabits shallow, coastal waters. The maximum total length is 90 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1999).
Taxon
Taxa
Trachinotus mookalee | Cuvier, 1832
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1999, Iwatsuki et al. 2000).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This inshore, pelagic speciesoccurs throughout UAE waters. Fishing activity is not expected to be causing population declines at this time. There are no known major threats; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines in the UAE at this time.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Trachinotus blochii | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This species inhabits shallow, coastal waters over coral and rocky reefs, andis occasionally observed in small schools (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995). Its diet consists of crabs, mussels and worms (Smith-Vaniz 1999). The maximum total length is 65 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).
Taxon
Taxa
Trachinotus blochii | (Lacepède, 1801)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1999). The depth range is 7 to 55 m (Randall 1986, Blaber et al. 1995).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This inshore, pelagic speciesoccurs throughout UAE waters. Fishing activity is not expected to be causing population declines at this time. There are no known major threats; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines in the UAE at this time. Corals in the UAE and Arabian Gulf have severely declined due to the increasing frequency of mass bleaching events caused by rising water temperatures, which is a consequence of climate change, as well as pervasive coastal development (Riegl et al. 2018, Burt et al. 2019).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Trachinotus baillonii | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This coastal species is often found near the surface waters of lagoon and seaward reefs (Randall 1995, Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001, Allen and Erdmann 2012), and in surge zones along sandy beaches (Smith-Vaniz 1999). It is usually observed in small aggregations and its diet consists mainly of crustaceans and worms (Randall 1995, Smith-Vaniz 1999). The maximum total length is 53 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984).
Taxon
Taxa
Trachinotus baillonii | (Lacepède, 1801)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1984, 1999, Hussain and Jawad 2014, W. Smith-Vaniz pers. comm. 2015). The depth range is 0 to 3 m (Bacchet et al. 2006).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This inshore, pelagic speciesoccurs in the Sea of Oman and possibly on the Gulf coast in UAE waters. Anecdotal observations of its ocurrence in fish markets on the eastern coast indicate some possible declines have occurred. Fishing activity is not known to be causing declines approaching a Near Threatened or threatened level at this time; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE. It is recommended to improved fisheries monitoring.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines in the UAE at this time. Corals in the UAE and Arabian Gulf have severely declined due to the increasing frequency of mass bleaching events caused by rising water temperatures, which is a consequence of climate change, as well as pervasive coastal development (Riegl et al. 2018, Burt et al. 2019).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Seriolina nigrofasciata | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Thisis a non-schooling carangid thatoccurs primarily on offshore reefs over the continental shelf on rocky bottoms. Juveniles are sometimes associated with weed rafts, while adults are observed near large planktivores (Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001). The diet consists of demersal fish, cephalopods and prawns. The maximum total length is 110 cm (Ghosh et al. 2009).
Taxon
Taxa
Seriolina nigrofasciata | (Rüppell, 1829)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995, R. Myers pers. comm. 2016). The depth range is 20 to 150 m (Sommer et al. 1996).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This pelagic speciesoccurs throughout UAE waters. Fishing activity is not expected to be causing population declines at this time. There are no known major threats; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines in the UAE at this time. Corals in the UAE and Arabian Gulf have severely declined due to the increasing frequency of mass bleaching events caused by rising water temperatures, which is a consequence of climate change, as well as pervasive coastal development (Riegl et al. 2018, Burt et al. 2019).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Selaroides leptolepis | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This inshore, pelagic species forms large schools over soft bottom habitats, generally at less than 50 m in depth (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995, Allen and Erdmann 2012). This species will occasionally move into freshwater such as the tidal zone in the Mekong Delta (Rainboth 1996). The maximum total length is 24 cm (Allen and Erdmann 2012). Femalesattain sexual maturity at about 11 to 12 cm fork length (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995). Males attain maturity earlier than females (Tandon 1960) with size at first maturity between 8.8 and 10.1 cm. Spawning off India has been observed in October and July (Kasim 2003).
Taxon
Taxa
Selaroides leptolepis | (Cuvier, 1833)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995). The depth range is 1 to 50 m (Allen and Erdmann 2012).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This inshore, pelagic speciesis common in UAE waters. Fishing activity is not expected to be causing population declines at this time. There are no known major threats; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines in the UAE at this time.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Scomberoides tol | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This coastal species is generally found in small schools (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Sommer et al. 1996). The diet of adults consists mainly of fishes, while juveniles feed on the scales and epidermal tissues of other fishes (Smith-Vaniz 1984). The maximum total length is 60 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1986).
Taxon
Taxa
Scomberoides tol | (Cuvier, 1832)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995, Randall et al. 2003). The depth range is 0 to 50 m (R. Myers pers. comm. 2015).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This inshore, pelagic species is common in parts of UAE waters. Fishing activity is not expected to be causing population declines at this time. There are no known major threats; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines in the UAE at this time.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Scomberoides lysan | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Thiscoastal species inhabits shallow lagoons, seaward reefs and neritic waters over sandstone with coral, mud, and sand and over offshore areas to depths of 100 m (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Lieske and Myers 1994, De Bruin et al. 1994). It can also occur in estuaries (Blaber and Cyrus 1983). This speciesoccurs singly or in small schools (Randall 1995). The adult diet consists of fishes and small crustaceans and juveniles feed on the scales and epidermal tissues of other fishes (Smith-Vaniz 1984).The maximum total length is 110 cm (Daget and Smith-Vaniz 1986).
Taxon
Taxa
Scomberoides lysan | (Forsskål, 1775)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall et al. 2003, Grandcourt2012). The depth range is 1 to 100 m (Smith-Vaniz 1986).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This inshore, pelagic speciesis common in parts of UAE waters. Fishing activity is not expected to be causing population declines at this time. There are no known major threats; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in the UAE.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines in the UAE at this time. Corals in the UAE and Arabian Gulf have severely declined due to the increasing frequency of mass bleaching events caused by rising water temperatures, which is a consequence of climate change, as well as pervasive coastal development (Riegl et al. 2018, Burt et al. 2019).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Scomberoides commersonnianus | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This coastal, pelagic species occasionally enters estuaries. Itgenerally swims in small schools near reefs and offshore islands andfeeds during the day on fishes and cephalopods (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995). The maximum total length is 120 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1984). The size at first maturity for females is estimated to be 47.6 cm fork length and 3 years of age, while males attain first maturity at 38.5 cm between 2-3 years (Griffiths et al. 2005). Longevity is estimated to be at least 11 years (Griffiths et al. 2006). Spawning occurs between March and June off Abu Dhabi (Grandcourt et al. 2013). The mean age and size at first sexual maturity for females is 5.9 and 71.1, respectively, while males reach first sexual maturity at 6 years and 72 cm (Grandcourt et al. 2013). gen length of 7 years = 21 yrs for 3 gen lengths
Taxon
Taxa
Scomberoides commersonnianus | Lacepède, 1801
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Smith-Vaniz 1984, Randall 1995). The depth range is 15 to 30 m (R. Myers unpublished data).
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Least Concern
Assessment status abreviation
LC
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This pelagic, inshore species occurs throughout UAE waters. It is commercially exploited, and a 2013 stock assessment for Abu Dhabi considered it overfished. Catch has been increasing in Abu Dhabi over the time period from 2005 to 2018, and it remains common and abundant on both coasts. It is also exploited elsewhere outside UAE waters, and there are some past reports of potential declines off Bahrain. Declines are not known to be approaching a threatened or Near Threatened level at this time; therefore, it is listed as Least Concern in UAE waters. This species should be re-evaluated upon results from a stock assessment scheduled to occur in 2020.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
Fishing activity is not known to be driving declines approaching a Near Threatened or threatened level in the UAE at this time. Corals in the UAE and Arabian Gulf have severely declined due to the increasing frequency of mass bleaching events caused by rising water temperatures, which is a consequence of climate change, as well as pervasive coastal development (Riegl et al. 2018, Burt et al. 2019).
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off

Parastromateus niger | UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes

Publication
UAE National Red List of Marine Species: Reef-building corals, cartilaginous fishes and select bony fishes
Location
Scope (Assessment)
National
Countries in Assessment
United Arab Emirates
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Off
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Ecological system type
Terrestrial system
No
Freshwater system
No
Marine system
Yes
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This pelagic species forms large schools in continental shelf waters over soft bottom (Smith-Vaniz 1999, Carpenter et al. 1997b). Itgenerally occurs near the bottom during the day and swims to the surface at night to feed on zooplankton (Smith-Vaniz 1984). Its maximum total length is 55 cm, but commonly occurs to 30 cm (Smith-Vaniz 1999). In the Gulf, females spawn about every three days during season (Dadzie and Abou-Seedo 2008).Standard length at first sexual maturity is 15 cm for males and 20 cm for females (Dadzie et al. 2008). Dadzie et al. (2007) estimated natural mortality as 0.68. It has been aged to at least 6 years in Iranian waters of the Sea of Oman (Yadollahvand and Rahnama 2014)
Taxon
Taxa
Parastromateus niger | (Bloch, 1795)
Taxonomic Group
Vertebrates
Taxonomic Group Level 2
Fishes
Assessed taxon level
Species
Taxonomic Notes
This species has been previously referred to in the literature as Formio niger.
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species occurs throughout UAE waters. Globally, it is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific (Randall 1995, Bogorodsky et al. 2014). The depth range is 15-40 m.
Assessed status
Asessment status in full
Data deficient
Assessment status abreviation
DD
About the assessment
Assessment year
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Affliation of assessor(s)/contributors/reviewers listed on assessment
Government
IGO
Assessor affiliation specific
Government|IGO
Assessment rationale/justification
This pelagic, inshore species occurs throughout UAE waters. It is naturally more abundant in the northern Arabian Gulf (Kuwait and Iran), and less abundant off Bahrain to the UAE. It is heavily exploited off Kuwait, and taken as bycatch in a variety of commercial fisheries in the Gulf. The population off Kuwait is overexploited and is further impacted by reduced discharge of the Shatt Al-Arab due to damming of the Tigris, Euphrates, and Karun Rivers. There is also data indicating catch declines in fisheries on both coasts of the UAE, but its population status is poorly understood there in general. Based on the uncertainty regarding the population trend of this exploited species, it is listed as Data Deficient in UAE waters until updated data become available. In addition to improvements in fisheries monitoring, research is also needed on its life history.
Criteria system
Criteria system specifics
IUCN v3.1 + Regional Guidelines v4.0
Criteria system used
IUCN
Criteria Citation
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Endemism
Endemic to region
Not_assigned
Endemism Notes
Is an endemic?: Not_assigned
Conservation
Threats listed in assessment
The population in the Arabian Gulf is impacted by the decreased discharge of the Shatt Al-Arab due to damming of the Tigris, Euphrates, and Karun Rivers as well as overfishing that is occurring off Kuwait (Sheppard et al. 2010, Al-Said et al. 2017). It is not known how this impacts its population in UAE waters.
Conservation Measures

Conservation measures:
Conservation measures notes:
Required conservation measures:

Verified entry
Off
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