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Assessment ID
330729
Taxon name
Uromastyx aegyptia ssp. microlepis
Arnold, 1980
Infrarank
Uromastyx aegyptia microlepis
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Uromastyx aegyptia ssp. microlepis
Arnold, 1980
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Uromastyx aegyptia microlepis
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
agamidae
Genus
Uromastyx
Species
aegyptia
Species authority
Arnold, 1980
Taxonomic notes and synonyms listed
Due to low levels of genetic differentiation between members of the Uromastyx aegyptia species group (considered to include U. aegyptia, U. leptieni, U. microlepis and U. occidentalis), Wilms et al. (2007) and Tamar et al. (2018) recognize U. aegyptia as a single species with three subspecies: U. a. aegyptia, U. a. leptieni and U. a. microlepis.The relationship of U. occidentalis, which was not included in the genetic analysis, to U. aegyptia remains in need of clarification, however Wilms et al. (2007) continue to recognize it as a full species due to its geographical separation from the remaining U. aegyptia-group taxa.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
A2abcd+4abcd
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
In the United Arab Emirates, this subspecies is found in the south and west of the Abu Dhabi Emirate. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is moderately large, approaching 45,375 km<sup>2</sup>, however, the area of occupancy (AOO) is restricted, at just 324 km<sup>2</sup>. Its primary habitat, sandy or gravel plains, is impacted by a range of threats such as urban development, oil and gas exploitation, etc, which may result in local extirpations. As a result, the subspecies is assessed as Vulnerable (VU A2abcd+4abcd) based on observed and inferred (declines in AOO and habitat quality, and levels of exploitation) population decline in the past and ongoing that exceeds 30%. The population is suspected to have undergone a decline of at least 30% in the previous three generations (30 years) as a result of habitat loss, and a future decline of at least 10% is suspected as a result of ongoing habitat loss. The subspecies faces a wide range of threats in addition to urban development, including loss of vegetation cover, and persecution. The subspecies is unlikely to be declining fast enough for this subspecies to qualify for listing in a more threatened category and viable populations are present in several Protected Areas. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).Conservation actions are required for this subspecies. Education is required to ensure that the existing Federal Law of the United Arab Emirates that prohibits the hunting, collection, and disturbance of the species is implemented, and habitat protected. Further research is required, including habitat and population monitoring.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the United Arab Emirates, this subspecies is found in the south and west of the Abu Dhabi Emirate (Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). The subspecies occurs from sea level to 200 m asl. in the United Arab Emirates.The subspecies is widespread in the Arabian Peninsula including Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain and Kuwait, extending eastwards to Iraq and coastal Iran, and north to Jordan and Syria.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This subspecies is found in sandy or gravel plains, interdunal plains and flat wadi beds with scattered vegetation (Gardner 2013). They are more frequently encountered on cemented sandstone or on hard surface plains, and dependent on vegetation cover. A ground-dwelling and diurnal subspecies. They prefer high temperatures and are most active during summer, while on cool winter days they may not leave the burrows at all (Gardner 2013). Adults are vegetarian and are able to survive on poor quality forage (Gardner 2013). They feed on a broad range of plants, including grasses and herbs, but tend to avoid Tetraena qatarense despite its abundance (Gardner 2013). Individual lizards may move between several non-exclusive burrows (Gardner 2013). Mating occurs from spring to summer, and females lay a clutch of 12-30 eggs in the burrow.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Although a widespread the subspecies, it is not evenly distributed over its range, being dependent on sandy or gravel plains for its burrows, and generally avoiding soft sand or dunes (Gardner 2013). As a result, it makes the subspecies vulnerable to threats such as urban development, road construction, oil and gas exploitation etc, which may result in local extirpations. Over-grazing on the plains leads to the loss of vegetation cover, whilst tree-planting impacts the subspecies elsewhere. The subspecies is also subject to persecution.The combination of extended drought duration and over-grazing (even in protected areas), leading to the loss of essential vegetation cover, is hard to estimate but may be significant.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330728
Taxon name
Uromastyx aegyptia ssp. leptieni
Wilms & Böhme, 2000
Infrarank
Uromastyx aegyptia leptieni
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Uromastyx aegyptia ssp. leptieni
Wilms & Böhme, 2000
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Uromastyx aegyptia leptieni
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
agamidae
Genus
Uromastyx
Species
aegyptia
Species authority
Wilms & Böhme, 2000
Taxonomic notes and synonyms listed
Due to low levels of genetic differentiation between members of the Uromastyx aegyptia species group (considered to include U. aegyptia, U. leptieni, U. microlepis and U. occidentalis), Wilms et al. (2007) and Tamar et al. (2018) recognize U. aegyptia as a single species with three subspecies: U. a. aegyptia, U. a. leptieni and U. a. microlepis.The relationship of U. occidentalis, which was not included in genetic analysis, to U. aegyptia remains in need of clarification, however, Wilms et al. (2007) continue to recognize it as a full species due to its geographical separation from the remaining U. aegyptia-group taxa.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Vulnerable
Abbreviated status
VU
Qualifying criteria (if given)
A2abcd+4abcd
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Uromastyx aegyptia ssp. leptieni relatively widespread in the United Arab Emirates, however, the area of occupancy (AOO) is moderately restricted, at 564 km<sup>2</sup>. The taxon is listed as Vulnerable (VU A2abcd+4abcd) due to continued urban development in its range which has resulted in a decline in suitable habitat (and AOO), and in view that the subspecies is regionally endemic. The population is suspected to have undergone a decline of at least 30% in the previous three generations (30 years) as a result of habitat loss, and a future decline of at least 10% is suspected as a result of ongoing habitat loss. The subspecies faces a wide range of threats in addition to urban development, including loss of vegetation cover, and persecution.The subspecies is unlikely to be declining fast enough and viable populations are present in several protected areas, thus the subspecies does not qualify for listing in a more threatened category.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, this subspecies is known to occur north of Abu Dhabi city to Al Ain and Sharjah (Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). The subspecies occurs further across the foothills of the Hajar Mountains at low altitudes on either side. Within the United Arab Emirates, the subspecies is frequently encountered from sea level to 100 m asl but have been recorded to 500 m asl. The subspecies has been recorded on the island of Sir Abu Nu'ayr, United Arab Emirates, due to an introduction of the subspecies from the mainland.The subspecies is endemic to northern Oman and the United Arab Emirates.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The subspecies is found in sandy or gravel plains, interdunal plains and flat wadi beds with low gravel terraces and scattered vegetation (Gardner 2013). They are more frequently encountered on cemented sandstone or on hard surface plains. They are dependent on vegetation cover.A ground-dwelling and diurnal taxon. They prefer high temperatures and are most active during summer, while on cool winter days they may not leave the burrows at all (Gardner 2013). Adults are vegetarian and are able to survive on poor quality forage (Gardner 2013). They feed on a broad range of plants, including grasses and herbs, but tend to avoid Tetraena qatarensis despite its abundance (Gardner 2013). Individual lizards may move between several non-exclusive burrows (Gardner 2013). Mating occurs from spring to summer, and females lay a clutch of 12- 30 eggs in the burrow. The eggs incubation period is 59-65 days.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
The major threat to the subspecies is habitat loss through residential and industrial development and road construction. It is uncertain to what extent the taxon is harvested from the wild for either the pet trade or human consumption or medicinal use. Recreational off-road driving may have a negative impact on the subspecies in certain areas. Over-grazing on the plains leads to the loss of vegetation cover, whilst tree-planting impacts the subspecies elsewhere. The subspecies is also subject to persecution.The combination of extended drought duration and over-grazing (even in protected areas), leading to the loss of essential vegetation cover, is hard to estimate, but may be significant.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330727
Taxon name
Spalerosophis diadema ssp. cliffordii
(Schlegel, 1837)
Infrarank
Spalerosophis diadema cliffordii
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Spalerosophis diadema ssp. cliffordii
(Schlegel, 1837)
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Spalerosophis diadema cliffordii
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
colubridae
Genus
Spalerosophis
Species
diadema
Species authority
(Schlegel, 1837)
Taxonomic notes and synonyms listed
Trape and Mané (2006) treat the West African form of this species as a full species, Spalerosophis cliffordi, however Schätti et al. (2009) note that no rationale was presented to justify this treatment. These authors adopt the traditional concept of this form as a subspecies of S. diadema, and this scheme is followed here.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
The species is listed as Least Concern for the UAE as it has limited threats within its range, none of which caused any known population reductions, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, this species is known to occur along the western side of the Hajar Mountains and the gravel plains surrounding the mountains from Al Ain to Ras Al Khaimah from sea level to 500 m asl (Egan 2007, Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press).Globally, this species range is known from Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, western Pakistan, north India, southern Turkmenistan, south Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Israel, and Jordan (Trape and Mané 2006, Schätti et al. 2009).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The species is found on gravel plains and rocky areas in well-vegetated habitats along the western side of the Hajar Mountains. It adapts to altered habitats and is frequently encountered in cultivated areas and residential gardens.The species activity patterns will fluctuate throughout the seasons from diurnal to nocturnal. It is a harmless species which preys on lizards, geckos, rats, mice and small birds through constriction. Breeding occurs in summer and spring with females producing one to two clutches of 3-16 eggs in the season which will hatch after a period of 60-65 days. It is a large species known to reach a total length of 1,140 mm (Gardner 2013).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Within the species range quarrying and urban development are ongoing, but with limited impact on the species, mainly through habitat degradation and persecution. The species is known to adapt to artificial habitats such as cultivated land.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330726
Taxon name
Scincus conirostris
Blanford, 1881
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Scincus conirostris
Blanford, 1881
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
scincidae
Genus
Scincus
Species
conirostris
Species authority
Blanford, 1881
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Data deficient
Abbreviated status
DD
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Within the United Arab Emirates, this subspecies is known from a small number of records, and it appears to be distributed along the Gulf coast, on the Fujairah coast, and along a narrow band at the interface between the gravel plains bordering the mountain and active sand dunes to the west. It is listed as Data Deficient due to insufficient information available on the distribution, population and natural history of the subspecies to conclude it to be listed in a different category. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, only a few locality records exist for this subspecies. It appears to be distributed along the Gulf coast, with a single record from the east coast in Sharjah and along a narrow band (2-3 records only) at the interface between the gravel plains bordering the mountain and active sand dunes to the west near Al Ain (Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). It occurs from sea level to 400 m asl. Globally, this subspecies is known from southern and eastern Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Iraq and southwestern Iran.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Consolidated sand and gravel interspersed with small areas of softer sand (Gardner 2013). No information is known of its natural history in the United Arab Emirates but is likely to be similar to Scincus mitranus (Gardner 2013). The species is fossorial, and sunbaths for only short periods of time, in the cooler months.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
The subspecies is impacted by coastal development in coastal areas.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330725
Taxon name
Platyceps rhodorachis ssp. rhodorachis
(Jan, 1863)
Infrarank
Platyceps rhodorachis rhodorachis
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Platyceps rhodorachis ssp. rhodorachis
(Jan, 1863)
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Platyceps rhodorachis rhodorachis
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
colubridae
Genus
Platyceps
Species
rhodorachis
Species authority
(Jan, 1863)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
The species is listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution across the Hajar Mountains within the United Arab Emirates, presumed large population and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
The species is found throughout the Hajar Mountains in the United Arab Emirates from sea level to at least 1,200 m asl (Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press).Globally, the species range from Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Chad, Saudi Arabia (including the Farasan Islands), United Arab Emirates, Oman, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, western Pakistan, northwest India, Yemen, south Turkmenistan, south Uzbekistan, northwest Tajikistan, west Kyrgyzstan, and south Kazakhstan.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The species is very widely distributed across the Hajar Mountains from sea level to at least 1,200 m. It is found in cultivated land, coastal areas, wadis, and slopes, preferring areas with rocks, cliffs and gorges. Found in parks and gardens, areas with irrigation adjacent to wild areas.It is a diurnal species which are good swimmers and climbers. They feed on a range of vertebrate prey including fish, amphibians, small mammals, lizards, birds and bats (Gardner 2013). Breeding occurs during spring and summer, with females laying four to six elongated eggs which incubate for 59-65 days.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There are no widespread threats to the species, although may be persecuted as with all snakes.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330724
Taxon name
Acanthodactylus boskianus ssp. asper
(Audouin, 1829)
Infrarank
Acanthodactylus boskianus asper
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Acanthodactylus boskianus ssp. asper
(Audouin, 1829)
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Acanthodactylus boskianus asper
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
lacertidae
Genus
Acanthodactylus
Species
boskianus
Species authority
(Audouin, 1829)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Near Threatened
Abbreviated status
NT
Qualifying criteria (if given)
B1a+2a
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This subspecies is listed as Near Threatened for the UAE. It has a very limited distribution within the United Arab Emirates on gravel plains bordering the Hajar Mountains on the west from 100 m to 300 m asl. The area of occupancy (AOO) is just 24 km<sup>2</sup>, and the extent of occurrence (EOO) is 195 km<sup>2</sup>. There are no current major threats to the species, however, one known locality is subject to intensive recreational use, and another area faces significant potential impacts from gravel extraction. The species has restricted AOO and EOO, and occurs in fewer than ten locations, however at present, no continuing decline is known. It qualifies as NT under Criterion B (B1 and B2). This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations from Oman is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012). Further monitoring and research are required, and the species should be reassessed if new data become available.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, this subspecies is known from a small area on gravel plains bordering the western side of the Hajar Mountains (Roobas and Feulner 2013, Roobas et al. 2014) from 100 m to 300 m asl (Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). The AOO is just 24 km<sup>2</sup>, and the EOO is 195 km<sup>2</sup>.Globally, the subspecies is very widely distributed and known from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Jordan, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Mali, Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Chad, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Kuwait (Tamar et al. 2014, 2016).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The subspecies is found on hard desert surfaces such as sandy-gravel plains, dry wadis, interdunal plain and stony outwash plains (Gardner 2013).It is an active, diurnal ground-dwelling animal, with a diet that includes invertebrates and smaller lizards (Gardner 2013). In winter it is active throughout the day, but in summer may have a bimodal activity pattern, or even be active in mornings only when particularly hot. Clutch size is reported to be two to eight, and repeated clutches may be laid (Gardner 2013). The breeding season in the United Arab Emirates is observed to be from at least late summer through mid-winter (Roobas and Feulner 2013, Roobas et al. 2014).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There are at present no major threats known, however, there is quarrying (gravel extraction) near one known locality, and this has the potential to significantly impact the species in the future. A further locality is subject to intensive recreational use.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330723
Taxon name
Lytorhynchus diadema ssp. diadema
(Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
Infrarank
Lytorhynchus diadema diadema
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Lytorhynchus diadema ssp. diadema
(Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Lytorhynchus diadema diadema
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
colubridae
Genus
Lytorhynchus
Species
diadema
Species authority
(Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
The species is listed as Least Concern in the UAE in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is found throughout the sandy areas of the United Arab Emirates (Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). They are found in sand deserts from Ras Al Khaimah to Sila and inland to Liwa, but not found in mountainous areas (Gardner 2013). The species is found from sea level to at least 300 m asl.Globally, the species ranges from North Africa, Arabia and northwards to Syria and Jordan, Iraq and western Iran (Arnold and Gallagher 1977, van der Kooij 2001).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The species is found throughout the United Arab Emirates in sandy areas from sea level to 300 m asl, absent from the Hajar Mountains. It is a small nocturnal species with a sharp-edged rostral scale adapted for burrowing and digging in sand for prey. Prey include geckos and possibly invertebrates. It is oviparous, laying three to five eggs (Gardner 2013).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
A number of threats impact the species and its habitat in the UAE, however, none are thought to be significant.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330722
Taxon name
Echis carinatus ssp. sochureki
Stemmler, 1969
Infrarank
Echis carinatus sochureki
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Echis carinatus ssp. sochureki
Stemmler, 1969
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Echis carinatus sochureki
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
viperidae
Genus
Echis
Species
carinatus
Species authority
Stemmler, 1969
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This subspecies is listed as Least Concern for the UAE in view of its wide distribution, large population, presence in several protected areas throughout its range, its ability to thrive in modified habitats and as it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, this subspecies ranges from Ras Al Khaimah to Abu Dhabi, including the east coast and the Al Ain region (Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). It is also known from a few localities within the Hajar Mountains. It generally occurs from sea level to 300 m asl, but can be found at up to 1,100 m asl.Globally, the subspecies distribution extends from northern India, Pakistan, Iran, to Oman and the United Arab Emirates (Phelps 2010).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The subspecies is found in vegetated sandy desert and gravel plains, including areas of cultivation and urban areas.It is a nocturnal snake that may be active in the day during the cooler months of the year. They feed on a wide range of prey including invertebrates, lizards and small mammals (Gardner 2013). Females are viviparous, producing clutches of 10-11 live young (Gardner 2013). They are the most abundant viper species within the United Arab Emirates to be found in urban gardens and cultivated land where they appear to be flourishing. The species is medically important, causing the most snake-bite incidence in the United Arab Emirates, although fatalities are extremely rare.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There are no major threats to this widespread species. It is persecuted throughout most of its range due to human fear of this venomous species.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330721
Taxon name
Chalcides ocellatus ssp. ocellatus
(Forskål, 1775)
Infrarank
Chalcides ocellatus ocellatus
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Chalcides ocellatus ssp. ocellatus
(Forskål, 1775)
Assessed taxon level
Subspecies
Infrarank
Chalcides ocellatus ocellatus
Infratype
Subspecies (animalia)
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
scincidae
Genus
Chalcides
Species
ocellatus
Species authority
(Forskål, 1775)
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Not Applicable
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species occurs within the United Arab Emirates as a result of historical introduction. The species is known from coastal areas of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah and inland around Al Ain. The species is considered Not Applicable for the UAE national Red List as a non-native introduction. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, this species is non-native but introduced prior to 1,500 CE through transport and trade. The species is known from coastal areas of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah and inland around Al Ain (Gardner 2013, Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). It is also recorded on Sir Bani Yas, Dalma and Abu al Abyadh islands. The species is easily transported by accident and has been very widely introduced. It has also made inroads into the Hatta Hills (Hatta Hill Park; pers. obs. in 2016; M.A.R. Khan pers. comm. 2018). It occurs from sea level to 300 m asl. Globally, this species originally had a Mediterranean distribution, with a probable origin in Morocco (Carranza et al. 2007), but has been widely introduced globally. The species is known from Malta, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Turkey (Anatolia), Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, southern Turkmenistan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Oman, Morocco, Mauritania, Western Sahara, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Niger, Israel, Kenya, Somali, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan, Chad, Yemen, Iran, western Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka. It is considered introduced to Italy (Sardinia, Sicily, Lampedusa island) and Greece (Crete, Karpathos, Rhodos, Kythnos, Kasos).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Found in residential gardens, oases, orchards and city parks (Gardner 2013). The species distribution is mainly associated with urban gardens and cultivated land. It is mainly a diurnal species which burrow under leaves or in the soil during the hottest period of the day. During the summer, they are crepuscular and nocturnal. They are active hunters, feeding on invertebrates, small geckos and possibly plant material (Gardner 2013). They shuttle between sun and shade during activity periods to maintain temperature and hence prefer a complex micro-habitat such as provided by dense vegetation (Gardner 2013). It is viviparous, giving birth to four to six young (Gardner 2013).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There appear to be no major threats to this species, however, it is preyed on by domestic and feral cats (Felis catus).
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE
Assessment ID
330720
Taxon name
Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus
Simó-Riudalbas, Metallinou, Pous, Els, Jayasinghe, Péntek-Zakar, Wilms, Al-Saadi & Carranza, 2017
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus
Simó-Riudalbas, Metallinou, Pous, Els, Jayasinghe, Péntek-Zakar, Wilms, Al-Saadi & Carranza, 2017
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Vertebrates
Reptiles
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
chordata
Class
reptilia
Order
squamata
Family
phyllodactylidae
Genus
Ptyodactylus
Species
ruusaljibalicus
Species authority
Simó-Riudalbas, Metallinou, Pous, Els, Jayasinghe, Péntek-Zakar, Wilms, Al-Saadi & Carranza, 2017
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Within the United Arab Emirates, this species is found in the carbonate mountains of the Ru'us al-Jibal in the Western Hajars north of the Masafi/ Dibba depression. The species is listed as Least Concern as there are no threats to the species within its restricted area of occupancy (AOO) of 20 km<sup>2</sup> and extent of occurrence (EOO) 263 km<sup>2</sup>, and in view of its presumed stable population that is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a threatened category. This taxon is not a non-breeding visitor, and it is presumed that any immigration from populations outside the UAE is not significant, and therefore there is no adjustment to the Category according to the IUCN regional and national Guidelines (IUCN 2012).However, the species occurs with a very restricted AOO and EOO, and at very low population densities. Ongoing monitoring is needed for this species, and it should be reassessed if new data become available.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2018
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the United Arab Emirates, this species is found in the carbonate mountains of the Ru'us al-Jibal in the Western Hajars north of the Massafi/Dibba depression (Burriel-Carranza et al. in press). It is known to occur from sea level to 800 m asl (Simó-Riudalbas et al. 2017).Globally, the species is endemic to the Arabian Peninsula and found in the carbonate mountains of the Ru'us al-Jibal in the United Arab Emirates and the Musandam Peninsula of Oman. (Simó-Riudalbas et al. 2017). It occurs from sea level to 1,500 m asl.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
Cliffs, cave fissures, rocks and boulders within mountainous habitats at different heights (Simó-Riudalbas et al. 2017). It is a nocturnal species that may also be encountered in the shade during the day on rock surfaces (Simó-Riudalbas et al. 2017). Reproduction is presumed to be similar to Ptyodactylus orlovi, with females laying one to two eggs during summer.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There are no known threats to the species.
Publication
Els, J., Allen, D., Hilton-Taylor, C., Harding, K. (2019). UAE National Red List of Herpetofauna: Amphibians & Terrestrial Reptiles, Sea Snakes & Marine Turtles. MOCCAE, UAE