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Assessment ID
330027
Taxon name
Adiantum capillus-veneris
L.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Adiantum capillus-veneris
L.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Ferns and Allies
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
polypodiopsida
Order
polypodiales
Family
pteridaceae
Genus
Adiantum
Species
capillus-veneris
Species authority
L.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species is widespread throughout the Hajar Mountains and is locally common wherever there are moist conditions or water seeps. It is also known to occur in at least one protected area and is likely to be the most common fern species within the UAE. Therefore, it is assessed as Least Concern.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is present in the United Arab Emirates from multiple records: within the Ra's al-Khaimah Emirate it is known from Diftah, southeast of Masafi, at 350 m asl (Miller and Cope 1996, Jongbloed et al. 2003, Rothfels et al. 2012). It also occurs at Jebel Hafeet (Sakkir and Brown 2014). The species is considered to be widespread throughout the Hajar Mountains (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Adiantum capillus-veneris is considered to grow at lower elevations, having not been found above c. 500 m in the Ru'us al-Jibal (Feulner 2011). This species has a sub-cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on all continents except the Antarctic, including temperate and tropical Asia, Macaronesia, throughout Africa, including Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands, Australia (where it is apparently considered to be native), New Zealand (where it is considered to be introduced) and the Americas from Canada south to Venezuela. In the Arabian Peninsula this species is known from Saudi Arabia (El-Olayan 2006, Sharawy and Alshammari 2009), Oman (Radcliffe-Smith 1980, Miller and Cope 1996, Pickering and Patzelt 2008, Rothfels et al. 2012), Yemen including Socotra (Kilian et al. 2002, Miller and Morris 2004), Bahrain (Miller and Cope 1996), United Arab Emirates (Miller and Cope 1996, Jongbloed et al. 2003). Although not widely reported, it is widespread throughout mountainous regions of the peninsula, occurring up to 3,000 m asl.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This perennial fern has been recorded growing around seeps and wadi pools, in addition to growing on wadi walls (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Rothfels et al. 2012). In general, it tends to prefer moist and shaded places such as shaded cliffs with water seepage or the edges of irrigation channels (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The fronds of this plant can reach up to 30 cm in length and the lobed leaves have deeply dissected irregular edges (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There is no information available.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330026
Taxon name
Pluchea dioscoridis
(L.) DC.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Pluchea dioscoridis
(L.) DC.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
magnoliopsida
Order
asterales
Family
asteraceae
Genus
Pluchea
Species
dioscoridis
Species authority
(L.) DC.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species is relatively widespread along the Arabian Gulf coast and is described as common within its range. In addition, it is able to survive in urban environments and wastelands, which may increase its resilience to potential threats from development. Therefore, it is currently assessed as Least Concern.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the UAE this species occurs in urban areas along the Arabian Gulf coast (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Sakkir et al. (2017) state that it is present on off-shore islands of Abu Dhabi. The Sharjah Seedbank & Herbarium and RBG Kew seed survey data hold records of this species from Al Ain city, and from the southern part of the Hajar Mountain range in the UAE; the identity and origin of these records need confirmation. Globally, the native range of this species spans across Africa and the eastern Mediterranean to the Arabian Peninsula and Iraq (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This perennial shrub species grows within wastelands, sands and gardens (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Mousa and Fawzi 2009, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It can reach up to 150 cm and has rough leaves and stems with glands (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The leaves are leathery and elliptic to oblong in shape with serrated edges, while the flowers and pink-purple and can be seen throughout the year (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The fast growth rate of this species has been considered as a potential threat to the orchid species Epipactis veratrifolia within the UAE (Sakkir et al. 2018).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Without detailed information on the distribution in the UAE, little can be said about threats. However, it is likely to have been impacted by coastal development, and grazing by livestock may impact the species in parts of its range.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330025
Taxon name
Cyperus laevigatus
L.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Cyperus laevigatus
L.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
liliopsida
Order
poales
Family
cyperaceae
Genus
Cyperus
Species
laevigatus
Species authority
L.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species is locally common along the Arabian Gulf coast in suitable habitat and has also been recorded from some inland sites, and with a record from Kalba on the east coast that requires confirmation. The extent of occurrence (EOO) exceeds 20,000 km<sup>2</sup>, although the area of occupancy (AOO) cannot be estimated as too few locality data are available, and the continued presence of some coastal subpopulations requires confirmation due to extensive coastal development. The species is water-dependent (freshwater, but also brackish) and may also be impacted by water abstraction and long term climatic change. The species is assessed at present as Least Concern as the number of locations exceeds ten and there is no information to support a level of population decline such as to qualify for a threatened category, however, ongoing monitoring is required, and the species should be reassessed if population trend data become available.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is locally common along the Arabian Gulf coast in suitable habitat in Abu Dhabi Emirate (Al Mehairbi et al. 2019) and has also been recorded from the Hatta pools (Jongbloed et al. 2003), although the continued presence of some coastal subpopulations requires confirmation due to extensive coastal development. Feulner (2011) recorded the species from coastal parts of northern Ras al-Khaimah. There are also records from the western slopes of the Hajar Mountains (Al Qasheesh Dam, Ras al-Khaimah; Sharjah Seedbank & Herbarium) and from the east coast at Kalba (1994, <a href=""http://data.rbge.org.uk/herb/E00398627"">RBGE Herbarium</a>); the latter record at least requires confirmation, and may no longer be extant. The species has a wide distribution in the tropics and subtropics, including Africa, southern Europe, the Americas, Australia and parts of Asia (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This is a perennial rush-like plant species with many stems rising from creeping rhizomes (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is found near or in fresh or brackish water (Jongbloed et al. 2003), in swamps and depressions (Al Mehairbi et al. 2019). Its presence is often indicative of freshwater (Feulner 2011).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
The species would be susceptible to the over-abstraction of ground and surface water, however, the scope and impact of this within the range of the species in the UAE are not known. Long term declines in rainfall as a result of climate change is likely to impact the species. Impacts from coastal development are likely to have been significant.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330024
Taxon name
Phyla nodiflora
(L.) Greene
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Phyla nodiflora
(L.) Greene
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
magnoliopsida
Order
lamiales
Family
verbenaceae
Genus
Phyla
Species
nodiflora
Species authority
(L.) Greene
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
The species is widespread in the UAE and is assessed as Least Concern, although the origin of the species in the UAE requires confirmation.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, the species is widespread in the Hajar Mountains, along the east coast, and opportunistically elsewhere, including along the Arabian Gulf coast and the offshore islands (Sakkir et al. 2017), within irrigated areas (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It is found in lawns and golf courses as well as in mangrove forests (western Abu Dhabi) with fresh water supply from nearby irrigated lawns (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The species is now present throughout Africa, temperate and tropical Asia, Australasia and tropical America (Cook 1996), it has an almost pan-global distribution in the southern hemisphere (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). The species is considered to have originated in the Americas, but to have undergone natural dispersal from the America to Africa then to Australasia (Gross et al. 2017). However, it has also undergone human-mediated dispersal, which has obscured the origin of some populations (Gross et al. 2017); the origin of the species in the UAE can not be confirmed, but we consider it here to be occurring naturally in the country.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The species occurs in wadis, plantations, gardens, farms and other irrigated habitats. G.R. Feulner (pers. comm. 2019) commented that the species is almost exclusively peri-agricultural, whilst M. Jongbloed (pers. comm. 2019) considers it to be common and widespread in wadis, plantations and gardens within the Hajar Mountains, as well as in urban areas.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There are no widespread threats, though it is apparently largely dependent on the presence of freshwater or irrigation.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330023
Taxon name
Eclipta prostrata
(L.) L.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Eclipta prostrata
(L.) L.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
magnoliopsida
Order
asterales
Family
asteraceae
Genus
Eclipta
Species
prostrata
Species authority
(L.) L.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Data Deficient
Abbreviated status
DD
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species is known form a small number of scattered locations in the eastern UAE, including the Ru'us al-Jibal. There is little information available on this species and, in addition, its origin in the country is uncertain. If native, Eclipta prostrata would most likely qualify for Least Concern. However, due to uncertainty, this species is considered Data Deficient.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This species is found at scattered locations in the eastern UAE (Jongbloed et al. 2003), and from a single locality (an improved hillside spring adjacent to a small terraced plantation) in the Ru'us al-Jibal (Feulner 2011). It has also been found at Wadi Al Ain in addition to being recorded from Abu Dhabi Island. The native distribution of this species is the Americas according to Barkley et al. (2006), Plants of the World Online (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2018) and GRIN (2019). However, CABI (2019) consider the species to be native to Asia.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not possible
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This is an annual species which flowers from December to April. This species can be found in moist locations, wadi pools (MEW 2010) and plantations (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Without detailed information on the distribution in the UAE, little can be said about threats.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330022
Taxon name
Potamogeton lucens
L.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Potamogeton lucens
L.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
liliopsida
Order
alismatales
Family
potamogetonaceae
Genus
Potamogeton
Species
lucens
Species authority
L.
Taxonomic notes and synonyms listed
Throughout most of its range, there are no significant taxonomic issues associated with this name. However on the southern border of its distribution its taxonomy is less clear (Wiegleb and Kaplan 1998). The ecotype with oblong-lanceolate, 30-40 cm long leaves growing in some rivers in the European part of Russia and Russian Central Asia has been treated as an independent species; Potamogeton longifolius J. Gay. In the southern regions of European Russia smaller forms of P. lucens are found which resemble P. sarmaticus (Tzvelev 2001). Potamogeton lucens has been shown to hybridise with P. alpinus (P. xnerviger Wolfg. in Schult. et Schult.), P. crispus (P. xcadburyae Dandy et G. Taylor), P. gramineus (P. xangustifolius J. Presl in Bercht. et J. Presl), P. natans (P. xfluitans Roth) and P. perfoliatus (P. xsalicifolius Wolfg. in Schult. et Schult.). Of these, P. xsalicifolius is relatively widespread but usually occurs with one or both parents whereas P. xangustifolius is also widespread but is one of the few Potamogeton hybrids which often produces fertile seed and frequently occurs in the absence of both parents. It is possible that these hybrids could obscure the true distribution of P. lucens, but unlikely that they represent a threat to its survival.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Data Deficient
Abbreviated status
DD
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
Although this species has been described from a freshwater dam locality near to Khor Fakkan, further detail on its origin and distribution within the UAE is unclear, not least due to potential mis-identification of specimens. As such, confirmation of this species' distribution would be beneficial, in addition to research into the taxonomy of this genus to establish differences between the two species. Therefore, it is Data Deficient.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the UAE, it has been recorded from the dam and freshwater lake at Khor Fakkan, on the east coast of the country (Böer and Chaudhary 1999). However, it is thought that records of this species may have been misidentified and may in fact be individuals of P. nodosus instead. This species is listed as an introduced landscape plants by MoCCaE (O. Al Shamsi pers. comm. 2018). Globally, the native range of this species spans from the temperate Northern Hemisphere to the Philippines (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Not possible
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This aquatic species lives within natural freshwater habitats within the mountains of the UAE (Perry 2008). It can also persist in mildly brackish water pools (MEW 2010).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
The freshwater habitats of this species have been described as prone to degradation and change, however it is unclear what specific threats are causing this degradation (MEW 2010).
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330021
Taxon name
Pulicaria arabica
(L.) Cass.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Pulicaria arabica
(L.) Cass.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
magnoliopsida
Order
asterales
Family
asteraceae
Genus
Pulicaria
Species
arabica
Species authority
(L.) Cass.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species is thought to be rare within the UAE, but locally common within its distribution in the Hajar Mountains. It is also cultivated in a botanic garden. It is assessed as Least Concern.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
Within the Hajar Mountains in the UAE, it is considered to be widespread (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Globally, this species occurs from the south and eastern Mediterranean, through to the Arabian Peninsula and on to Afghanistan (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This small shrub inhabits environments in or near to water, such as irrigation channels and wetlands (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Mahmoud et al. 2018). It is an annual species and can grow up to 30 cm in height, producing green hairy stems with narrow lance-shaped leaves, in addition to yellow button-like flower-heads which are present between February and April (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
There is no information available.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330020
Taxon name
Cressa cretica
L.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Cressa cretica
L.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
magnoliopsida
Order
solanales
Family
convolvulaceae
Genus
Cressa
Species
cretica
Species authority
L.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Least Concern
Abbreviated status
LC
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
The species is widespread in the UAE and, although subpopulations are likely to have been impacted by coastal development, the species is considered Least Concern.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, Jongbloed et al. (2003) reported a small number of isolated localities in coastal or near-coastal areas of the Ajman, Dubai and Abu Dhabi emirates. More recent records suggest a more frequent and widespread distribution, and Karim and Dhakeel (2006) give the distribution as Abu Dhabi (e.g., Sila, Tarif), Dubai, Fujairah, and Umm al-Qaiwain. In Ra's al-Khaimah, Feulner (2011) reported the species from, or adjacent to, salt marshes north of Rams and Llewellyn-Smith (2011) recorded the species at the Khor Hulaylah coastal wetland complex. Sakkir and Brown (2014) found the species at Jebel Hafeet, but comment that the species has been introduced to the area through human disturbance and benefits from irrigated agriculture. Globally, this species occurs throughout the Mediterranean, east through western and central Asia, to India and south to northern and central Africa, as well as South America, Australia and parts of Southeast Asia. There is no information on whether some of these populations may be non-native. In the Arabian Peninsula, this species occurs throughout coastal areas in the region, and locally inland in Oman.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This salt-tolerant perennial species is found in sand, plantations and gardens, in addition to around sabkhas or salt marshes (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Karim and Dhakeel 2006). It grows as a weed in cultivated areas (Karim and Dhakeel 2006). G. Brown (pers. comm. 2019) considers the main habitat to be saline soils (margins of sabkha), but also gardens.
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Impacts from coastal development are likely to have been significant for this species.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330019
Taxon name
Linaria tenuis
(Viv.) Spreng.
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Linaria tenuis
(Viv.) Spreng.
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Flowering Plants
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
magnoliopsida
Order
lamiales
Family
plantaginaceae
Genus
Linaria
Species
tenuis
Species authority
(Viv.) Spreng.
Taxonomic notes and synonyms listed
Linaria hellenica Turrill is often treated under the synonym Linaria tenuis (Viv.) Sprengel (Commission of the European Communities 2009). Euro+Med Plantbase accepts Linaria hellenica as a valid name.
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Data Deficient
Abbreviated status
DD
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
In the UAE, the species is known from the Hajar Mountains, with one record from north of Masafi (Jongbloed et al. 2003) and a more recent recorded from Wadi Helo (El-Keblawy et al. 2016). The species might have a wider distribution in the UAE and it could easily be missed in surveys (Feulner 2016). Confirmation of the distribution and population status of this species is needed, and it is currently considered Data Deficient.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
In the UAE, the species is known from the Hajar Mountains north of Masafi (Jongbloed et al. 2003) and from Wadi Helo (El-Keblawy et al. 2016). The species has not been recorded for Wadi Wurayah National Park, but could easily be missed in surveys (Feulner 2016). The global range of this species is Greece (Dimopoulos et al. 2013), the Mediterranean region (from Algeria to Israel, Palestine and Jordan) and the Arabian Peninsula (Saudi Arabia only; Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). Plants of the World Online does not list the UAE as a native country of occurrence for Linaria tenuis.
Is there a map available in assessment?
Incomplete
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
The species is found on gravel plains (MEW 2010). It is an annual forb, reaching up to 0.15 m in height (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
Without detailed information on the distribution in the UAE, little can be said about threats.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.
Assessment ID
330018
Taxon name
Ophioglossum polyphyllum
A.Braun
Uploaded by
National Red List Database
Taxonomic information
Scientific name
Ophioglossum polyphyllum
A.Braun
Assessed taxon level
Species
Higher level taxonomic groupings
Plants
Ferns and Allies
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
tracheophyta
Class
polypodiopsida
Order
ophioglossales
Family
ophioglossaceae
Genus
Ophioglossum
Species
polyphyllum
Species authority
A.Braun
Location and scope
Specific locality or subnational name or regional name
United Arab Emirates (the)
Scope (of the Assessment)
National
Countries included within the scope of the assessment
United Arab Emirates (the)
Country ISO code(s)
ARE
Does the assessment cover a marine EEZ area(s)?
Not_assigned
Conservation Status
Assessed as
Near Threatened
Abbreviated status
NT
Qualifying criteria (if given)
B1b(iii)
Criteria system used
IUCN

(see Assessment details)

Assessment rationale/justification
This species occurs within sand and coastal habitats in the UAE and has an estimated extent of occurrence of 2,646 km<sup>2</sup>; this falls within the threshold for Endangered under Criterion B. In addition, the species' habitat is declining due to ongoing coastal development, causing the once common species to become less common in its range. However, the number of locations for this species (based on the most plausible threat of habitat degradation) is currently unclear. Therefore, it is currently assessed as Near Threatened.
Assessment details
Year assessed
2019
Assessors/contributors/reviewers listed
UAE National Red List Workshop
Criteria system used
IUCN
Reference for methods given
IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. iv + 32pp pp. And IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iii + 41pp.
Further information
Endemism (according to assessment)
Endemic to region
Not assigned
Taxon distribution as listed in assessment
This plant occurs in coastal areas and in the Hajar Mountains (Jongbloed et al. 2003) and has been found to occur in Wadi Wurayah National Park, Fujairah (Feulner 2016). It also occurs at Jebel Ali along the Arabian Gulf Coast. The estimated EOO of this species is 2,646 km<sup>2</sup>. Globally, Ophioglossum polyphyllum is distributed across Africa and southwest Asia, eastwards to India and southwards to South Africa (Board of Trustees, RGB Kew 2018). In Europe it occurs only on the Canary Islands (Christenhusz et al. 2017). It is also distributed in Central America and Australia (Board of Trustees, RGB Kew 2018).
Is there a map available in assessment?
Yes
Habitat and systems
Ecological system type
Terrestrial
Not_assigned
Freshwater
Not_assigned
Marine
Not_assigned
Habitat
Habitat details as listed in assessment
This perennial fern species is known to grow in open sand habitats and coastal areas (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Rothfels et al. 2012). At higher altitudes, it can grow within silt rather than sand (Jongbloed et al. 2003). It has two or three elliptic leaves growing from the stem in addition to other stem like leaves (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The plant generally appears after periods of rain (Jongbloed et al. 2003).
Threats and conservation measures listed
Threats listed in assessment
This plant is reportedly threatened by development in its coastal habitat range (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Feulner 2016).
History
Coastal development within the UAE has been increasing in frequency and intensity since 1996, reducing the extent and quality of available habitat for this species.
Publication
Allen, D.J., Westrip, J.R.S., Puttick, A., Harding, K.A., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Ali, H. 2021. UAE National Red List of Vascular Plants. Technical Report. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, United Arab Emirates, Dubai.